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Context: Panax ginseng C. A. Mey (Araliaceae) has been widely used in clinic for treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. Ginsenoside Rb3 is the main chemical component of Panax ginseng. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: Sprague−Dawley rats were orally treated with Rb3 (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) daily for 3 days followed by subjecting to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 30 min and reperfusion for 24 h. Results: This study showed that ginsenoside Rb3 treatment resulted in a reduction in myocardial infarct size. Ginsenoside Rb3 significantly attenuated the changes of creatine kinase activity and lactate dehydrogenase activity. The cardioprotective effect of ginsenoside Rb3 was further confirmed by histopathological examination. Ginsenoside Rb3 alleviated the increase of malondialdehyde content and the decrease of superoxide dismutase activity in left ventricle. Treatment with ginsenoside Rb3 also decreased plasma endothelin and angiotensin II levels. Conclusion: These findings suggested that ginsenoside Rb3 possesses the effect against myocardial IR injury and the underlying mechanism is related to its antioxidant activity and microcirculatory improvement.
An anodic aluminum oxide template-based process was adopted to fabricate polyaniline nanowires using the electropolymerization process. In addition, a novel template-free process was developed to synthesize the polyaniline nanofibrils using a controlled multi-potential method. The cyclic voltammetry was performed for both the nanowire and nanofibril arrays to investigate their electrochemical properties. The influences of the scan rate, different scan cycles and the micro morphologies on the cyclic voltammograms were investigated. The results show that polyaniline nanowire and nanofibril arrays present quite different cyclic voltammograms. These differences are ascribed to the various micro-morphologies and ordering state. Furthermore, a PANI nanofibril arrays based surface wave acoustic (SAW) device was fabricated utilizing the controlled multi-potential process.
