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by
Saghir Ahmad |
Total Records (
7 ) for
Saghir Ahmad |
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Ghayour Ahmad
,
Saeed Ahmad Malik
,
Zahid Mamood
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Saghir Ahmad
and
Saeed Ahmad
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Three local as well as exotic leaf curl virus susceptible lines/cultivars of cotton, i.e., S-12, Acala-1517-C and CIM-70 were evaluated for yield, yield components and fibre traits. This disease had adverse effect on morphological, yield and yield components and fibre quality of all varieties. The cv. CIM-70 exhibited the highest reduction (87.3 %) in seed cotton yield and staple length (7.1 %) due to cotton leaf curl virus disease. The extent of adverse effects of this disease was most prominent on ginning out-turn (-18.2 %) and fibre fineness (23.8 %) of S-12. |
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Saghir Ahmad
,
Noor-ul-Islam Khan
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Altaf Hussain
and
Mahmudul Hassan
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Salinity is a big threat to world agriculture. It imposes a major setback in increasing the yield of cotton. This crop is very sensitive to salinity at germination and seedling stage. Salt stress adversely affects the biomass production, i.e., decrease in leaf area, stem thickness, shoot and root weight and ultimately brings about decrease in seed cotton yield. A threshold salinity level at which initial yield of cotton declines is 7.7 dS m-1 with a 50% reduction in yield at 17.0 dS m-1. Reduction in fibre length, fibre strength and micronaire values, whereas an increase in ginning out-turn have been reported under saline conditions in both Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. High salinity level adverse affects photosynthesis. Research studies indicate decrease in nitrogen of leaf cotton with increasing salinity levels. Salinity increases Na+ and Cl¯ and decreases K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in leaves of cotton. Slight increase in K+ and modest accumulation of Na+ with increase in salinity have also been found in literature. K+/Na+ ratio has been used as a successful selection criterion for salt tolerance in some crops. Generally salt tolerance in cotton has been associated with Na+ exclusion. High salinity reduces N and P uptake in cotton, whereas low salinity does not have a significant effect on the absorption of either of the ions. |
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Mahmood-ul-Hassan
,
Muhammad Nasrullah
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Taj Muhammad
,
Muhammad Iqbal
and
Saghir Ahmad
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An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of sowing date on two cotton varieties MNH552 and MNH554 grown on Ist April, 15th April, Ist. May, 15th May, Ist. June, 15th June, Ist. July and 15th July during 1998 and 1999 under Multan conditions. 15th May and Ist June sown cotton displayed significantly maximum seed cotton yield of 2998 and 2883 kg ha-1 in 1998 and 4027 and 3894 kg ha-1 respectively in 1999 as compared to 595 and 253 kg ha-1 (1998) and 1269 and 223 kg ha-1 (1999) from crop sown on Ist and 15th July respectively. The increase in both sowing dates in seed cotton yield was associated with boll weight and bolls per plant. On average of two years data 15th May produced highest seed cotton yield of 3513 kg ha-1, whereas the lowest figure was 238 kg ha-1 (15th July). Comparing varietal performance MNH552 (2310 kg ha-1) yielded higher as compared to MNH554 (2288 kg ha-1). However two cultivars declined the yield in late planting. |
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Saghir Ahmad
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Saeed Ahmad
,
Muhammad Attique Sadiq
and
Noor-ul-Islam Khan
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Inheritance pattern of sympodia
per plant, plant height, bolls per plant, seed cotton yield and seed
oil content of cotton was assessed using diallel crossing model in which
six genotypes B-557, Culture 728-4, MNH156, B-1850 (ne), Culture-604-4
and MNH147 were crossed in all possible combinations. The results from
scaling tests for the adequacy of additive-dominance model indicated
that sympodia per plant, plant height, bolls per plant, seed cotton
yield and seed oil content were partially adequate for further genetic
analysis. Sympodia per plant, plant height, bolls per plant and seed
cotton yield and were controlled by additive genes, whereas over-dominance
was prevalent in seed oil content characteristics. Narrow sense heritability
for plant height, bolls per plant and seed cotton yield suggested that
these parameters could effectively be improved through selection in
the early segregating generations. |
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Saghir Ahmad
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Altaf Hussain
,
Muhammad Attique Sadiq
and
Abdul Jabbar
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Mode of gene action and
heritability were estimated for ginning out-turn, staple length, fibre
maturity, fibre fineness, fibre strength and yield of cotton. Six genotypes
B-557, Culture 728-4, MNH156, B-1850 (ne), Culture-604-4 and MNH147
were crossed in all possible combinations in diallel fashion. The results
from scaling tests for the adequacy of additive-dominance model indicated
that ginning out-turn, fibre fineness and fibre strength were found
full adequate, whereas staple length, fibre maturity and seed cotton
yield were partially adequate for further genetic analysis. Ginning
out-turn, fibre fineness, fibre strength and yield were controlled by
additive genes, whereas over-dominance was prevalent in staple length
and fibre maturity. High narrow sense heritability for ginning out-turn
and fibre strength suggested that these parameters could effectively
be improved through selection in the early segregating generations,
whereas chances of improvement for fibre fineness and seed cotton yield
would be moderate as heritability estimates for these parameters were
medium (h2 NS = 0.608 and 0.702%, respectively
but poor for staple length. |
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Saghir Ahmad
,
Noor-ul-Islam Khan
,
Muhammad Iqbal
,
Muhammad Attique Sadiq
and
Altaf Hussain
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Three salt tolerant cultivars/lines
(B-557, Culture-728-4 and MNH-156) and three salt sensitive cultivars/lines
(B-1580 (ne), Culture-604-4 and MNH-147) were grown in salinized soil
under greenhouse conditions. Four treatments of NaCl, i.e., 16 (control),
70, 140, 210 mol m-3 were applied after 10 days of initial
growth, and experiment continued till maturity. Determination of ions
at seedling stage showed that the salt tolerant and the salt sensitive
cultivars did not differ significantly in accumulation of leaf. The
salt sensitive cultivars had more concentration of Cl- in
leaves than those of the salt tolerant lines at the highest salt level.
The salt tolerant cultivars had generally higher concentrations of K+,
Ca2+ and K/Na ratios in the leaves than those of salt sensitive
lines at the highest NaCl concentration (210 mol m-3). Ginning
out-turn and fibre fineness increased with the increasing concentrations
of salt, whereas staple length, fibre maturity and fibre strength showed
decreasing trend at higher salt concentrations (140 and 210 mol m-3).
The salt tolerant cultivars/lines had lower ginning out-turn, but better
fibre fineness, higher staple length, fibre maturity and fibre strength
compared with those of the salt sensitive cultivars. The salt tolerance
in cotton is thus associated with higher uptake of K+, Ca2+,
low accumulation of Cl-in
the leaves and low ginning out-turn but higher staple length, fibre
maturity and fibre strength. |
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Muhammad Iqbal
,
1Muhammad Ali Chang
,
Muhammad Zaffar Iqbal
,
Mahmood-ul-Hassan
,
Abdul Karim
and
Saghir Ahmad
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Six upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) varieties were crossed in all possible combinations.
The parents and F1 were sown in a replicated experiment. Hayman’s
diallel cross analysis was employed to investigate the nature of gene action
involved in the inheritance of number of sympodial branches per plant, number
of bolls per plant, boll weight, yield, ginning out turn %, staple length, fiber
fineness and fiber strength. The diallel analysis revealed that all the characters
were polygenically inherited and exhibited partial dominance with additive gene
action. The estimation of component of variation for these characters suggested
that the (D) additive component was significant in all the traits under study
and was lower than dominant components (H1 and H2) of
variation except for number of sympodial branches per plant, number of bolls
per plant and seed cotton yield per plant, where the dominant components were
higher in magnitude than additive. The positive estimate of F indicated that
dominant genes were in excess than recessive genes in the parents for all the
traits except for ginning out turn percentage and fiber fineness. The ratio
of H2/4H1 indicated largely asymmetry of positive and
negative genes in parents for number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield,
staple length, fiber fineness and fiber strength, and symmetrical distribution
of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for number of sympodial
branches per plant, boll weight and ginning out turn percentage. The h2
value for number of number of sympodial branches per plant, number of bolls
per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield per plant, ginning out turn, staple
length, fiber fineness, and fiber strength was positive and significant which
indicated that hetrotic breeding was rewarding for these traits. The correlation
between Wr + Vr and Yi indicated that dominant
genes are mainly responsible for the expression of all traits. Mass selection
will be an effective method for improving the boll weight and reciprocal recurrent
selection method will be helpful for improving the sympodial branches per plant,
number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield, fiber fineness and fiber strength.
The full sib or half sib family selection, pedigree and progeny test would probably
be necessary to achieve the genetic progress for GOT% and staple length. |
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