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by
S. Ali |
Total Records (
14 ) for
S. Ali |
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K. R. Beg
and
S. Ali
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This study was done to determine toxicity of certified reference sediment to be used for quality assurance in sediment toxicity testing program. Certified Reference Harbor Sediment (HS-4B for PAHs) and Estuarine Sediment (LGC-6137 for Trace Metals) were procured commercially from LGC Company, UK, and repeatedly analyzed against solid phase Microtox toxicity assay to determine EC50 values. Both PAHs rich and trace metals rich sediments were very toxic to Microtox with EC50 405 mg L¯1 and 554 mg L¯1 respectively. Solvent extraction resulted in a drastic decrease in the toxicity of PAHs rich reference sediment sample but in trace metal rich sediment the decrease in the toxicity was marginal. The certified reference sediments with the availability of toxicity data can be incorporated for quality assurance as controls in Microtox toxicity determination of field samples of unknown toxicity. |
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K. R. Beg
and
S. Ali
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The objective of this study was the sediment quality assessment of Ganga River at Kanpur city where effluents from tannery industries are discharged. Sediment samples from upstream and downstream area were collected and analyzed for trace metals and toxicity bioassay. Among various trace metals examined Cr in downstream sediment was 30-fold higher than in upstream sediment and its concentration was above the probable effect level. In general trace metals in the downstream sediment were found higher compared to reported earlier. Seed germination bioassay revealed negligible effect on the growth of root but the shoot growth was stunted in seeds exposed to downstream sediments. Trace metals determined in sediment elutriate showed poor elution of metals in aqueous phase but elutriates exerted toxic effects on both root and shoot growth, suggesting presence of other bioavailable toxic factor associated with sediment. The study revealed that seed germination bioassay may be used to differentiate contaminated and uncontaminated sediment. |
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K. R. Beg
and
S. Ali
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The objective of this study was to determine the sediment quality assessment of Ganga River at Kanpur city where effluents from tannery industries are discharged. Sediment samples from control, upstream and downstream area were collected and analyzed for bacterial toxicity bioassay along with a reference sediment (LGC6137). The control samples collected from the point of origin of Ganga River at Deoparyag were found non toxic to the bacteria and served as negative controls for the test method. The EC50 of upstream sediment sample were >10,000 mg/L sediment (>1%) and categorized as non toxic according to toxicity classification. The down stream sediment samples were very toxic to the bacteria and average EC50 value was 4,266 mg/L (0.43 %) that falls in very toxic category. The downstream sediment and reference sediment were toxic but the later was 10-fold more toxic. It is indicated in our study that the Microtox SPT assay can differentiate between toxic and non-toxic samples over a wide range of toxicity. The present study demonstrated the efficiency of the Microtox SPT assay in the sediment quality assessment and confirms the existing pollution in Ganga River contributed by tannery industries. |
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K.R. Beg
and
S. Ali
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The objective of this study was to determine the sediment quality assessment of Ganga River at Kanpur city where effluents from tannery industries are discharged. Sediment samples from control, upstream and downstream area were collected and analyzed for bacterial toxicity bioassay along with a reference sediment (LGC6137). The control samples collected from the point of origin of Ganga River at Deoparyag were found non toxic to the bacteria and served as negative controls for the test method. The EC50 of upstream sediment sample were >10,000 mg L¯1 sediment (>1%) and categorized as non toxic according to toxicity classification. The down stream sediment samples were very toxic to the bacteria and average EC50 value was 4,266 mg L¯1 (0.43 %) that falls in very toxic category. The downstream sediment and reference sediment were toxic but the later was 10-fold more toxic. It is indicated in our study that the Microtox SPT assay can differentiate between toxic and non-toxic samples over a wide range of toxicity. The present study demonstrated the efficiency of the Microtox SPT assay in the sediment quality assessment and confirms the existing pollution in Ganga River contributed by tannery industries. |
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A. Nath
,
M.A. Kashem
and
S. Ali
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Background and Objective: Agriculture is the largest food producing sector of the economy of Bangladesh. It is essential to adopt more steps for increasing the production level of rice. Fertilizers are inevitable for the crop production systems of modern agriculture. Among the factors that affect crop production, fertilizer is the most significant factor that plays a crucial role in yield increase. The experiment was conducted to observe the effect of fertilizer and agronomic management on growth, yield and yield contributes of boro rice. Materials and Methods: The experimental site was located under the Agroecological Region Sylhet Basin (AEZ-21) having moderately acidic soils. The experiment was designed with seven treatments including T1: Farmers’ practiced based fertilizer (180-42-42 kg ha–1 of urea-TSP-MoP), T2: BARC recommended dose based fertilizer (300-112-127-75-11 kg ha–1 of urea-TSP-MoP-CaSO4-ZnSO4), T3: T2+Wet Irrigation, T4: T2+Wet and dry irrigation, T5: T2+Proper seedling age, T6: T2+PSA (proper seedling age), T7: IPNS (integrated plant nutrient system)+proper seedling age+IPM. The test crop was BRRI dhan58. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five farmers’ replications. Data were taken on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan58 and analysed with the help of MSTAT-C program. Results: The plant height varied significantly and found the longest plants due to T7. Tillering followed the similar pattern of plant height where the highest number of tillers hill–1 were recorded in T7 IPNS (integrated plant nutrient system)+proper seedling age and spacing+IPM. The yield and yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan58 varied significantly due to application of balanced fertilizers according to BARC recommendation guide with proper agronomic management. The highest grain yield (8.74 t ha–1) and straw yield (11.77 t ha–1) were recorded from IPNS (integrated plant nutrient system)+proper seedling age and spacing+IPM over farmers’ practice based fertilizers (T1). Post-harvest soils showed the higher nutrient content in comparison to initial soil due to application of balanced fertilizers. Conclusion: It was concluded that balanced fertilizer application with proper agronomic management may be recommended for higher yield of BRRI dhan58 in the hoar area. |
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M.G. Mustafa
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T.A. Dar
and
S. Ali
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The present study represents the first attempt to gain a quantitative estimate of the protective influence of polyols on a multidomain protein ovomucoid in its native and chemically-induced denatured states. The polyols selected were such that they enabled the comparisons of the stabilizing effects of 6-C epimers (sorbitol and mannitol), 5-C epimers (adonitol and xylitol) and a 3-C sugar (glycerol) against isothermal denaturation induced by guanidinium chloride and urea. The stabilizing effect of these polyol osmolytes on the multidomain protein ovomucoid against guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) and urea denaturation was studied using different optical probes. Circular Dichroism (CD) measurements were done by monitoring changes at 222 nm. Absorption measurements were followed by observing changes at 287 and 288 nm for guanidinium chloride (GdmCl) and urea-induced denaturation of ovomucoid, respectively. Both of the observations at 287 nm and 288 nm showed denaturation as a two steps process involving at least one stable intermediate state and it was seen that polyols stabilize both the transitions with less or no effect on intermediate state of ovomucoid. We have also examined by fluorescence studies that the intermediate state obtained with guanidinium chloride and urea is possibly a molten globule. This was further proved by DLS studies where it showed an overall increase in 32.36% of the hydrodynamic radius of the protein from native to denatured state, with an increase of 15.52 and 19.94% from native to intermediate and from intermediate to denatured sate, respectively. |
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N.A. Prastowo
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S. Ali
and
Ignatio Rika Haryono
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Background and Objective: Osteoporosis is established using a dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients were usually referred for DEXA from practice room. However, in most developing countries people have limited access to DEXA leading to underreport of osteoporosis prevalence. The aim of this study was to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women using DEXA in a population-based study and to establish a correlation between BMD with some risk factors. Materials and Methods: Participants were postmenopausal women and referred from Posyandu. Anthropometric measurements were performed. DEXA was performed at the hip (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter and femoral shaft), distal radius and lumbar region (L1-L4). Participants were categorized according to body mass index (BMI) (normal if BMI <25 kg m–2, overweight and obese if BMI >25kg m–2) and to BMD (normal BMD if T-score>-1SD, low BMD if T-score<-1 SD). Pearson’s or Spearman tests were applied to analyze correlation between variables. Results: A total of 60 postmenopausal women were participated. The results showed 17 (28.3%) had osteopenia and 33 (55%) had osteoporosis. Age, age at menopause and duration of menopause had the strongest negative correlation with the BMD of the distal radius (r = -0.582, -0.414, -0.497, respectively, p<0.01), whereas weight and BMI were positively correlated with the BMD of the trochanter (r = 0.437and 0.424, p<0.01). Conclusion: Population-based recruitment confirmed that osteoporosis was more prevalent in postmenopausal women. Further, the correlation and the strength of the correlation between BMD and associated risk factors is bone site specific. |
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J.A. Ansari
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S. Ali
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M.A. Ansari
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The diseases associated to liver, heart, blood, brain, kidneys, spleen, pancreas, nerves, hormones, fluids and electrolytes, virus, bacteria, protozoa, fungi etc. are paying much attention and numerous research work is been done in respective areas, worldwide metabolic disorders are need to pay an attention. Problems related to liver such as acute or chronic inflammation, toxin-/drug-induced hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatitis are very common nowadays due to our exposure to different environmental pollutants like chemicals, toxins, viruses etc. For centuries, many herbal drugs and formulations have been used as natural remedies for the prevention and/or treatment of liver diseases and have been popularized world over by leading pharmaceuticals. Due to insufficient scientific-based pharmacological data, most of the herbal formulations cannot be recommended for the treatment of liver diseases. In this review article, an attempt has been made to focus a brief view on few herbal hepatoprotective leads that may be useful to the health professionals, scientists and scholars working the field of pharmacology and therapeutics to develop evidence-based alternative medicine to cure different kinds of liver dysfunctions. |
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S. Ali
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G.D. Schwenke
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M.B. Peoples
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J.F. Scott
and
D.F. Herridge
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The objectives of the reported research were to compare, using gross margin, dominance and marginal analysis, summer legume-wheat (Triticum aestivum) and fodder maize (Zea mays)-wheat systems in northern Pothwar, Pakistan. Legume species were soybean, mungbean and black gram. Data on legume shoot and grain yields of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) and N2 fixation, using natural 15N abundance, were combined with grain yields of subsequent wheat crops for inclusion in the economic analyses. Mean grain yields for the three legumes were 2.7 (soybean), 0.4 (mungbean) and 1.1 t ha-1 (black gram). Maize not fertilized with N produced 7.2-8.9 t ha-1, compared with 5.8-13.2 t ha-1 when fertilized. Estimates of the proportion of legume N derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa) were 31-64 % for soybean, 37-44 % for mungbean and 42-48% for black gram. Both legume rotation and fertilizer N significantly improved the yields of following wheat crop. In the absence of fertilizer N, increases were 15-70% for DM and 14-67% for grain yield, relative to maize. When the wheat was fertilized with N, the legume benefits disappeared. Responses of the wheat to fertilizer N, irrespective of prior crop, were large, ranging from 75 to 276%. Gross margin analysis indicated the black gram/N-fertilized wheat and soybean/N-fertilized wheat sequences to be the most profitable, with the large variation in gross margins (Pakistani Rs. 2861 to Rs. 115500) reflecting the wide range of yields and grain prices. Dominance analysis confirmed the economic benefits of black gram-based sequences, particularly at low to intermediate levels of input. These results highlight the need for thorough economic, as well as biological, analysis of cropping options. |
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S. Ali
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Khalid A.S. Al-Khateeb
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B. Bouzid
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In this study, a new configuration of an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA’s) is proposed. Double-pass amplification in a dual-stage using a fiber loop-back is incorporated with a Tunable band pass filter. Spontaneous emission is filtered-out in the mid-section to ensure efficient amplification of the signal as it propagates along the fiber. High gain of 61 dB is achieved for -50 dBm signal power at 1550 nm. The two stages were pumped by laser diodes operating at 980 nm with 10 mW and 220 mW, respectively. |
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S. Ali
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D.M. Orazulike
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Radiogenic heat production estimated from the concentrations of the radioactive elements obtained from log data from a well drilled in the Chad Basin, NE Nigeria range between 0.17 and 1.90, have an average of 0.90±0.01 and a standard deviation of 0.34 μW m-3. The data also indicated that the sediments are low in the concentration of the radioactive element potassium, normal in thorium and higher-than normal in uranium, with potassium contributing only about 7.5% to the production. The Chad, Kerri Kerri, Gombe, Fika, Gongila and Bima Formations are estimated to have average heat productions of 1.02±0.03, 0.62±0.01, 1.21±0.02, 0.93±0.01, 0.94±0.01 and 0.76±0.01 μW m-3, respectively, values observed to be smaller than those of neighbouring basins. Heat production estimated from gamma ray intensity moderately correlated with those estimated from the concentrations of radioactive elements, while only low correlation was observed with heat production estimated from fractional proportion of quartz in matrix. Radiogenic heat is estimated to contribute between 14 and 27% of the surface heat flow, while map view of well site heat production revealed trend that decrease with increasing sediment thickness. Further analysis also suggests that up to 366 m of the bima formation may have been derived from the same source. |
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M.M.A. Khan Khattak
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S. Ali
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To assess the nutritional status and the associated risk factors in preschool age children in the District Swabi of the North West Frontier Province (NWFP)-Pakistan. The studies included 140 children (both boys and girls) and were assessed for nutritional status using correlation analysis for association of malnutrition with parent’s income, family size and number of the child within the family, sex of the child and Z-score for stature/age, weight/age/stature and weight/stature. The results showed no significant differences between the sex, age for weight and height compared. The weight and height were lower than the third percentile in all cases and indicate that the children were stunted and under-weight. The mean z-score in every case (i.e., -score for age-height and age-weight, sex-height and sex-weight and height-weight) was significantly different. Furthermore, there was strong association of malnutrition with family size, income of the parents and child number in the family in rural areas. This study indicates that the children in this particular area on average are at the risk of malnutrition due to large family size and lower income. |
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I. Mariam
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I. Haq
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S. Ali
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M.A. Qadeer
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Microbial examination of bottled mineral water available in the market under different brand names, was carried out in order to determine total viable count, spore former, coliforms and presence or absence of mould and yeast. Results obtained showed quite variation in total viable count and spore former. The total viable count ranged from 3-23/ml and the spore former ranged from 0-25/ml. Fecal and non fecal coliforms along with moulds and yeast were absent in all the samples collected from the market. |
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A. Aslam
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I. Mariam
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I. Haq
and
S. Ali
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The present study describes the microbial examination of the samples of raw minced beef. Samples were tested for total viable count, mould and yeast count, sporeformers and coliforms. Bacterial count was highest in the raw minced beef as 319 × 103. Moulds were found present in all the samples while yeasts were found absent in all the samples. Among the sporeformers, aerobic sporeformers were found present in all the samples while anaerobic sporeformers were found absent in few samples. Coliforms were found present in all the samples. Fecal coliforms were found absent in few samples, while non-fecal coliforms were present in all the samples. |
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