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Articles by Roxana VIDICAN
Total Records ( 15 ) for Roxana VIDICAN
  Lucien Carlier , Ioan Rotar , Mariana Vlahova , Roxana Vidican , Dimitria Petkova and A. De Vlieghe
  ithin Europe, half the annual requirement for feed is provided by grassland. However, although the EU is a net exporter of feed grain it is a substantial importer of protein and non grain feed ingredients. After a long period of decline, there is a renewed interest in forage legumes for several economical and ecological reasons and the European Union strengthen the role of protein-rich crops, by providing a supplementary payment for farmers producing these crops. The main environmental advantage of legume-based forage crop husbandry is the reduction of the fossil energy that is necessary to synthesize inorganic N fertilizers and to reform other protein sources into useful feed for cattle. In order to develop sustainable, legume-based live stock production systems, we need to understand the complex relationships that exist between herbivores and the plants they consume. In addition, more information is required on the processes of energy transfer and nutrient loss from the system. To increase farmer confidence in the use of forage legumes it is necessary to have more reliable establishment techniques and to reduce the variability in legume contribution within and between years, particularly for legumes in mixed swards. And last not least how leguminous crops will adapt to the climate change in Europe?
  Laura Monica DALE , Ioan ROTAR , Roxana VIDICAN , Adriana MOREA and Alin MOGOS
  Using NIRS technique is an elegant and very precise, this technique become more frequently used for determining physico-chemical properties of feed, especially chemical composition (dry matter, protein, ash, fiber, fat, non-nitrogenous extractive substances. The contents of dry matter, crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber, crude fat, non - nitrogenous extractive substances of maize are determined by destructive methods and then using them was build the calibration curve for NIRS with which we will determine all the chemical properties of the material using prediction. This paper aims to highlight a way of direct analysis method undestructive of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, non-nitrogenous extractive substances using near infrared spectrometry technique in conjunction with reflected attenuated total. For each property we have used these method assessment: for the crude protein was used Kjeldahl method, for crude fat was used Soxhlet method, for crude ash performed Hennenberg - Stohmann method, for crude fiber was used Hennenberg - Stohmann method and for non - nitrogenous extractive substances was used mathematical calculation. All these results determined by the classical method, the destructive method, were used to build the calibration curve for device FT-NIR Spectrometer Perkin Elmer Spectrum 100 N with accessory N NIRA. Mathematical model was built using the near infrared spectrofotoscopiei technique in conjunction with multivariable calibration techniques using the Perkin Elmer program Spectrum Quant + 4.60. The method provides a rapid and reliable alternative to traditional quantitative methods for determining which usually requires several hours to complete.
  Laura Monica DALE , Ioan ROTAR , Roxana VIDICAN , Anca BOGDAN and Gratian BUDUREA
  Using Near Infrared Spectrometry has become lately quite a developed technique in the different physico-chemical parameters of the feed as a procedure is extremely elegant and precise use. This paper aims to highlight a way of direct analysis method undestructive crude fat and crude fiber using near infrared spectrometry in conjunction with reflected attenuated total. Tests were conducted on samples of maize cob and maize strains from The Research - Agricultural Development Turda. Samples done at each variant separately. Each sample was subjected to destructive method, Soxhlet method for determinating the crude fat and Hennenberg - Stohmann for crude fiber and then they were collected with NIR spectrum. We have built mathematical models for both the cob and strains, based on these techniques and multivariated analysis allows the determination of an error prediction for the best crude fat 0.71% and the crude fiber of 0.34%.
  Sorin Liviu STEFANESCU , Roxana VIDICAN , Liviu MARGHITAS , Ekkehardt SCHROEDER and Simona STERIU
  The Modernizing of Agricultural Knowledge and Information System (MAKIS) Project, financed through the World Bank Loan no. 4758-Ro, had through the component “Support for Advisory and Information Systems” (Official Monitor, 2005), the objective to set up Training and Information Centers in the main regions in Romania. A functional TIC for agriculture for the North-West and Central Region of Romania (counties Alba, Bistrita, Cluj, Harghita, Maramures, Mures, Satu Mare, Salaj), was set, fully integrated to and hosted by the USAMV Cluj. It was planned as a permanent training and information center with wider and structured curricula as well as information providers for topics of regional importance that are readily accessible and applicable for the agricultural/rural population. Its main tasks are to: i) gather knowledge on agricultural technologies from within the country and abroad in order to meet both the farmers needs as well as EU requirements, ii) develop relevant extension packages and training modules for selected topics for each agro-farming area; iii) train trainers and providers of agricultural extension and advisory services and provide them accreditation, iv) train trainers and inspectors within the food safety system and provide them accreditation and v) train researchers on how to develop research proposals and integrate within the European Research area. The training activity started in October 2008 and is ongoing. Overall there were trained: 80 food safety inspectors, 40 researchers and 400 extension staff. Each training session was organized for 20 participants and lasted between 1 (for researchers) to 4 weeks (for consultants).
  Lucien CARLIER , Ioan ROTAR and Roxana VIDICAN
  Across the world, agricultural land management has created a rich landscape diversity. Today’s countryside is a result of farming activities over the centuries. Agriculture is the main land user and the resulting high visibility leads to a widespread perception that "rural" matches with "farming". Around 775 million ha land of the European Union (50%) is farmed. This fact alone highlights the importance of farming for the EU's natural environment. Farming and nature exercise a profound influence over each other. In the older EU member states, less than 2 % of the active people is active in agriculture, while in the youngest ones more than 15% is involved. There is a wide range of farming practices on very large and small farms, with or without animals, very intensive or extensive, on flat areas or in hilly and mountain regions, very specialized or mixed farms…Therefore the links between the richness of the natural environment and farming practices are complex. While many valuable habitats in Europe are maintained by extensive farming, and a wide range of wild species rely on this for their survival, agricultural practices can also have an adverse impact on natural resources. Pollution of soil, water and air, fragmentation of habitats and loss of wildlife can be the result of inappropriate agricultural practices and land use. Environmental concerns play a vital role in the Common Agricultural Policy-CAP of the European Union, which deals both with the integration of environmental considerations into CAP rules and with the development of agricultural practices preserving the environment and safeguarding the countryside. At the end of 2008 the EU agriculture ministers reached a political agreement on the Health Check of the Common Agricultural Policy, published in Council Regulation (EC) No 73/2009 repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003. This Health Check will modernize, simplify and streamline the CAP and remove restrictions on farmers, thus helping them to respond better to signals from the market and to face new challenges. Climate change, renewable energy, water management, biodiversity and dairy restructuring are crucial challenges for Europe's rural areas, agriculture and forestry. Since its foundation by 6 countries in 1957, the EU changed in many aspects and especially in regulating and controlling agricultural matters. This contribution will give an overview of the EU CAP by referring to the relevant Commission Regulations, Directives and Recommendations and to documents prepared by the authors on the occasion of the 9 international symposia of the UASVM Cluj-Napoca.
  Didier HUYGENS , Lucien CARLIER , Ioan ROTAR and Roxana VIDICAN
  It is an objective of the European Union (EU) to reach the right balance between a competitive agricultural production (economy) and the respect for nature and environment (ecology). Since Agenda 2000, the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has two pillars: the market and income policy (first pillar) and the sustainable development of rural areas (second pillar). In both pillars the 2003 CAP reform and the 2008 Health Check brought greater quality to environmental integration. Concerning market and income policy, the cross-compliance is the core instrument. The 2003 CAP reform also involved decoupling most direct payments from production. From 2005 (2007 at the latest) a single payment scheme was established, based on historical reference amounts. As regards the rural development policy, compliance with minimum environmental standards is a condition for eligibility for support under several rural development measures. The complexity of the relationship between agriculture and the environment has conditioned the approach to environmental integration in the context of the CAP. Central to the understanding of this relationship is the principle of Good Agricultural Practice which corresponds to the type of farming that a reasonable farmer would follow in the region concerned. The ecological footprint is a useful indicator for assessing progress on the EU Resource Strategy. A public consultation held in 2010, identified food security, environment protection and rural diversity as the three main goals of the future policy. The European Commission unveiled last November 2010 its blueprint for reforming the CAP and the debate was started July 2011.
  Anca BOGDAN , Ioan ROTAR , Florin PACURAR , Roxana VIDICAN and Laura DALE
  Not available
  Laura DALE , Ioan ROTAR , Vasile FLORIAN , Roxana VIDICAN , Andre THEWIS , Juan Antonio FERNANDEZ PIERNA and Vincent BAETEN
  Medicago sativa or alfalfa is a flowering plant that belongs to Pea Family that is widely grown throughout the world as forage for cattle, and is most often harvested as hay. Usually, alfalfa has the highest nutritive value of all common hay crops. This work aims to highlight a way for direct, non-destructive analysis of crude protein content in alfalfa hays. The primary objective was to build a model for crude protein calibration for alfalfa based on FT-NIR spectroscopy. The samples for analysis were collected over two experimental years (2008-2009) from field trials from the research station- Agricultural Development, Cojocna. In order to construct the model, reference values are needed; for this reason, the crude protein content was determined using the classical Kjeldahl method (Kjeltec Auto Analyser, Tecator). The values for crude protein ranged from 12.63% to 19.12% on the dry matter basis. The regression model’s construction was based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) calculated with the SIMPLS algorithm, using different pre-processing techniques and leave-one-out cross validation. Calibration of the two years together drove to a coefficient of determination for cross validation, R2 of 0.965. The robustness of the model was confirmed by applying it to independent samples (external validation) where the coefficient of determination was R2 = 0.977, RMSEP = 0.8. The results obtained indicated that NIRS can be used to determine crude protein, which could be used as criteria for quality control of alfalfa hays.
  Adriana MOREA , I. ROTAR , ROXANA VIDICAN and F. PACURAR
  Not available
  Florin PACURAR , Ioan ROTAR , Anca BOGDAN and Roxana VIDICAN
  The organic fertilizers’ application and the traditional use for long periods of time have influenced the rich plant diversity in Apuseni Mountains, Romania. The objective of this study was to identify the effect of manure’s application upon the plant diversity and productivity of Festuca rubra L. —Agrostis capillaris L. grasslands. The experimental field evaluated four variants (V1: control, V2: 10 t ha-1 manure, V3: 20 t ha-1 manure, V4: 30 t ha-1 manure). After ten years, important changes at the sward level were observed. The control’s phytocenosis is naturally represented by Festuca rubra L. − Agrostis capillaris L. grassland type. Then, following the application of organic fertilizers, Trisetum flavescens L. - Agrostis capillaris L. appeared. The large quantities of organic fertilizers produced a considerable limitation on plant diversity. The applied treatments do not produce any important improvement of the grassland types’ agronomic value. Taking account the influence of organic fertilizers upon the DM yield, plant diversity and agronomic value, it is considered that the treatment with 10 t ha -1 manure annually applied produces optimum changes and might be taken into consideration for the low-input systems in Apuseni Mountains.
  Iancu PINTEA , Roxana VIDICAN , Ioan ROTAR and Florin PACURAR
  The goal of this study is to evaluate the possibilities to use the municipal sluge as a fertilizer in agriculture, especially upon alfalfa crop, with a very complex and precise methodology, in the conditions of assuring environment protection and human health integrity. Neutralizing city mud with the help of soil, considered a biological treatment station for water is one of the most important perspectives to protect the environment together with an increase of agricol production. In the new socio economical structures of Romania, the natural fertilizer is to be found less and less due to the decrease of the animal number, and also due to the way of their breeding, and the replacement of natural fertilizer with mud from the used water treatment, it is an alternative to use due to the sure advantages of the fertilized mud appliance. The effect of fertilization with municipal sluge upon the crop of alfalfa was studied within an experiment with eight variants in which there were applied different doses of city mud and natural fertilizer. Due to the appliance of municipal sluge it can be seen an increase of the content of dry matter compared to the control variant (with no fertilizers).
  Zorica VOSGAN , Roxana VIDICAN , Stela JELEA , Monica MARIAN , Lucia MIHALESCU and Oana MARE ROSCA
  This study has been carried out in a pastoral area of Maramures County, on the south-estic slope of Gutai Mountain, where it is situated the pasture for the ovines and caprines of the inhabitants of the surrounding villages. It has been identified in this area a districambosol soil characterized by high acidity, a composition rich in nitrogen and humus due to slow humification, moderate reserves of potassium and phosphor. The assay indicates a clayey composition except for the At horizon which has a composition predominant in fine sand. In order to increase the value of the pasture, improvement and maintainance works should be performed.
  Roxana VIDICAN , Ion ROTAR , Iancu PINTEA , Laura DALE and Florin PACURAR
  Residual organic waste materials from organic materials mainly from urban activities are recognized in particular as sources of environmental pollution and less as sources of nutrients potentially beneficial effects on soil and plant production.
  Zorica VOSGAN , Roxana VIDICAN , Monica MARIAN , Lucia MIHALESCU , Stela JELEA and Oana MARE ROSCA
  This study aims to investigate and identify plant species on the village common grazing Surdesti, located at 760 m altitude in the foothills south west of Gutai Mountains in northwestern Romania. Green growth of plants and animals is the main activity of the inhabitants of this area and food production is made using environmentally friendly technologies and natural life cycle of the ecosystem. It is important to know the qualitative composition of grassland vegetation as the main source of feed for cattle, sheep, goats.
  Florin PACURAR , Ioan ROTAR , Anca BOGDAN and Roxana VIDICAN
  The extensive exploitation of agricultural systems is the factor which created the semi-natural grasslands with large plant diversity. These meadows’ persistence depends in a large extent on the extensive use which can be recognized in the field by the presence of certain species having an indicator value. This paper’s objective is to elaborate a list of indicator species for the extensive use of the semi-natural grasslands in the boreal floor.
 
 
 
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