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High amount of steel reinforcement content, durability and
ductility issues has led the development of alternative types for reinforcement
of high strength concrete HSC. Fiber Reinforcement (FR) of concrete has been
investigated as strengthening materials with different techniques such as external
and bar reinforcement. This is due to high contributions of the FR on the mechanical
properties of HSC such as high compressive strength, toughness and ductility.
Among the many types of FR have been used for this purpose, there are very few
studies were conducted on developing new continuous basalt fiber in HSC. The
main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of chopped basalt
stands CBFS on the fresh and harden properties of HSC as a new internal strengthening
material. This was done by changing of CBFS content in the mixture and comparing
with 100% OPC of HSC. Experimental results showed that the workability of HSC
affected negatively with increase of CBFS content. It is also shown that the
early and long terms of compressive strength was not supported using the CBFS.
Whereas, split and flexural tensile strengths were significantly improve. It
was also observed that the brittleness was significantly decreased and its toughness
and ductility were steadily improved. Therefore, it can be conducted that the
CBFS is a suitable strengthening material to produce ductile HSC.
The effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on germination and early seedling growth of five species were studied. Two treatments of SAR were given - pH 3.0 and 4.0 while deionized distilled water served as control. SAR treatment at both the pH decreased the rate as well as the final germination percentage of Clitorea ternatea L. Germination of Senna holosericea (Fresen.) Greuter. and Adenanthera pavonina L remained unaffected by SAR while that of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. and Senra incana Cav. increased over the controls. Except for Senra incana where root growth was stimulated, SAR markedly inhibited root as well as shoot growth of the test species. The possible causes of differential effects of SAR on plants are discussed.
