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| Articles
by
Muhammad Rashid |
Total Records (
4 ) for
Muhammad Rashid |
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Muhammad Rashid
and
Khalid Rashid
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This
study presents an analysis of the Shadow protocol, a type of peer-to-peer networking
model that currently provides decentralized file-sharing capabilities to its
users. The shadow protocol has been designed to be a more optimized version
of the Gnutella protocol. Initially, the study explains the basics of the peer-to-peer
networking and then compares the two types of this networking standard: centralized
and decentralized. The shadow protocol is classified as a decentralized model.
The Napster and Gnutella protocols are briefly described as well. A detailed
description of the Shadow protocol is presented. And a discussion is provided
which proves the Shadow protocol to be a more optimized version of the Gnutella
protocol. |
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Zhiming Shu
,
Akhtar Hussain Shar
,
Mohamed Shahen
,
He Wang
,
Mahmoud Alagawany
,
Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
,
Shahmir Ali Kalhoro
,
Muhammad Rashid
and
Piar Ali Shar
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Globally the cardiovascular disease (CVDs) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are main cause of death. Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest plants in the world, originating in China, science is known as the "living fossil". Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (GBLE) is a bioactive substance extracted from the Ginkgo biloba, the main active ingredients of Ginkgo flavonoids and ginkgolide compound, three or four, one of the most important Ginkgo biloba leaves extract is widely used as a drug or food additive in more than 130 countries. Thousands of years ago Asian and other region was use the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), they verified some effective disorders. The medicinal uses of Ginkgo biloba have been widely used for various disease including cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. The properties of Ginkgo are mentioned here for example; improved blood flow, antioxidant, strengthens blood vessels, anti-inflammatory, relaxes the lungs, vasodilator and circulatory system tonic. Ginkgo biloba leaves extract also appears to have an anti-inflammatory impact that may make it useful in the future for situations like organ transplants and multiple sclerosis. However, due to the multi component of the herb, up to now the molecular mechanisms of action and signaling pathways leading to the therapeutic effects of GBLE remain, still, poorly understood. |
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Azam Ali Nasir
,
Muhammad Azhar Shah
and
Muhammad Rashid
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Seroprevalence of brucellosis in 1495 goats and 2113 sheep during 1995-96 to 1999-2000 was carried out by performing serum agglutination tube test. In sheep 31 (1.46%) and in goats 29 (1.93%) were found positive when applied SAT. Prevalence of antibodies to Brucella was higher in goats as compared to sheep. |
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Nasir Saleem
,
Muhammad Rashid
,
M. Anjum Ali
and
Tariq Mahmood
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The investigations to ascertain the effect of varying rates of NPK per hectare (ha–1) on seed yield and oil contents of three Raya cultivars i.e. RL-18 (V1), Parkash (V2) and Peela Raya (V3) were carried out at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Among the four fertilizer levels i.e. Fo (control), F1 (75-0-0 NPK kg ha–1), F2 (175-50-0 NPK kg ha–1) and F3 (75-50-50 NPK kg ha–1) used, the level F3 (75-50-50 NPK kg ha–1) influenced significantly all the growth and yield parameters such as number of pods per plant (585.59), number of seeds per pod (13.10), 1000 grain weight (3.70 g), seed yield (1640.10 kg ha–1) and straw yield (8849.40 kg ha–1) in all the three varieties (V1, V2 and V3). But none of the fertilizer levels (F0, F1, F2 and F3) affected the oil contents in any one of the three (V1, V2 and V3) varieties. |
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