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Articles by Muhammad IBRAHIM
Total Records ( 7 ) for Muhammad IBRAHIM
  Muhammad R. Khan , Afsari S. Qureshi , Syed A. Hussain and Muhammad Ibrahim
  Three chickpea genotypes viz., Noor 91 (white), Punjab 91 (brown) and C 141 (black) were treated with 40, 50 and 60 Kr doses of gamma irradiation separately and post mutagenically with gibberellic acid (GA3) to create genetic variability. M2 progenies of these treatments were raised from M1 seeds in plant to family manner. The results indicated that induced mutability is governed by the genetic architecture of the material used. Various morphological mutations induced affecting plant height, growth habit, branching and stem structure, stem and foliage colour, leaf type, flowering and maturity, pod and seed type. There were differences between the genotypes and between the two types of treatments. Frequency of these mutants increased with gamma irradiation in Noor 91 and C 141 while, with GA3 it tended to increase in the three genotypes.
  Muhammad R. Khan , Afsari S. Qureshi , Syed A. Hussain and Muhammad Ibrahim
  Seeds of 250 plants from M1 generation of three chickpea genotypes viz, Noor 91 (white), Punjab 91 (brown) and C 141 (black) at 40, 50 and 60 Kr separately and with gibberellic acid (GA3) along with control were grown to raise the M2 generation. The effects on 100-seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, days to flowering and maturity in M2 generation were highly significant (p<0.01) within genotypes, treatments and also for their interaction. Statistically significant increase in 100-seed weight was observed with the combine treatment at 40 Kr while it was decreased at 60 Kr as compared with gamma irradiation. Grain yield was significantly increased with gamma irradiation however, stimulation was recorded with the application of GA3. Biological yield was decreased while, harvest index was increased with both types of treatments. However, more harvest index was recorded with combine treatment. Days to flowering were increased at 40 and 60 Kr with gamma irradiation while, decreased at 40 and 50 Kr with the combine treatment. Days to maturity were decreased with both the treatments.
  Safdar Hussain , Muhammad Ahmad , Saeed Ahmad , Javaid Iqbal , Muhammad Nasir Subhani , Sajid Mahmood Nadeem , Sagheer Atta and Muhammad Ibrahim
  A field experiment was carried out at the Research area, College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan to measure the response of spring sowing sunflower to foliar application of abscisic acid (ABA) and potassium chloride under drought. In the experiment four irrigations by flooding (25 days after sowing, at bud initiation, at anthesis and at achene formation stage) were applied in control. Foliar application of 2μM ABA and 1% KCl was made at anthesis stage of sunflower hybrids (NK-265 and SF-187) after skipping the irrigation. Foliar application of 2μM ABA and 1% solution of KCl under drought at anthesis stage significantly increased achene yield and oil yield over skipping irrigation with no ABA and no KCl at anthesis stage. Sunflower hybrid NK-265 showed better drought tolerance compared with SF-187 with foliar application of ABA as well as KCl because it showed improvement in growth and yield. Sunflower hybrids NK-265 had significantly increased achene yield and oil yield than SF-187. Drought stress at anthesis stage to sunflower hybrids showed decrease in agronomic parameters and foliar application of ABA as well as KCl under water deficits improved them. ABA as well as KCl application to sunflower hybrids at anthesis under drought improved achene oil content but decreased achene protein content. Exogenous application of ABA or KCl to NK-265 under drought showed more percent increased in achene yield and oil yield than SF-187 over no ABA and no KCl application. Foliar application of ABA as well as KCl on leaf score at anthesis stage was non-significant. It is, therefore, suggested that foliar application of 2μM ABA and 1% solution of KCl under drought at anthesis stage significantly increased achene yield and oil yield over skipping irrigation, no ABA and no KCl at anthesis stage. Sunflower hybrid NK-265 showed better improvement of drought tolerance by foliar application of ABA as well as KCl than SF-187 because it showed more improvement in growth and yield.
  Safdar Hussain , M. Farrukh Saleem , Javaid Iqbal , Sajid Mahmood Nadeem , Muhammad Ahmad and Muhammad Ibrahim
  Profitability assessment has prime importance for every crop husbandry practice and cultural operation. For this purpose, two field experiment was carried out to investigate the response of spring planted sunflower hybrids to different irrigation levels/schedules and foliar application of abscisic acid. Two studies were done at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. In first study, three irrigation schedules viz. four irrigations (25 DAS, bud initiation, flower initiation and achene formation), three irrigations (25 DAS, flower initiation and achene formation) and three irrigations (25 DAS, bud initiation and achene formation) were used. Sunflower hybrid Hysun-33 was subjected to exogenous application of different concentrations (0, 5μm and 10μm) of ABA at bud initiation or at flower initiation. In second study, Three sunflower hybrids viz. DK-4040 (large stature), S-278 (medium stature) and SF-187 (short stature) were subjected to different irrigation regimes and ABA applications i.e., four irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation, flower initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at flower initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at flower initiation and achene formation and with ABA spray at bud initiation, three irrigations; 25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation and achene formation and with no ABA spray, three irrigations; (25 Days after Sowing (DAS), at bud initiation and achene formation and with ABA spray at flower initiation. In first study, It was observed that three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), when 5μM ABA was applied at bud initiation under drought resulted in more profitable as compared to exogenous application of same concentration of ABA at flower initiation. So, it is suggested that three irrigations (25 DAS, at flower initiation and at achene formation), with foliar spray of 5μM ABA should be applied at bud initiation under drought. In second study, the dominance and marginal analysis about sunflower hybrids revealed that maximum Marginal Rate of Return (MRR) in sunflower hybrids was observed in T1 (control). Drought stress at bud initiation or at flower initiation reduced marginal rate of return. ABA application to DK-4040 under drought at bud initiation showed more increase in MRR than SF-187 and S-278.
  Shifa Ullah , Rehana Bibi , Muhammad Amjad Bashir , Muhammad Ibrahim , Shafqat Saeed and Muhammad Arshad Hussain
  Aphid is a serious pest of wheat and other field crops. It is widely distributed in southern Punjab as well as other areas of the country. There are number of aphid species which are going to become pest of wheat crop. Experiment was conducted at farmer’s field in southern Punjab for population dynamics, number of aphid and bio-control agents (predator) recorded on weekly using diagonal method by randomly selecting 30 plants from each fields. Aphid attack started in 1st week of January in all plots and increased with the vegetative growth of plant and reached at peak level in the 3rd week of March and after that its population started to decrease and population of bio-control agents was low at start but maximum during the March when aphid population was at its peak level.
  Muhammad Shahab Saqib , S. Jawad A. Shah , Fida Muhammad , Muhammad Ibrahim and Sajid Ali
  Naturally infected grains of nineteen candidate wheat lines along with local check were studied for black point symptoms at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, during 2005-06. Data were recorded on the percent incidence, black point symptoms and thousand grain weights. Results indicated that all tested candidate varieties were found susceptible to A. alternata but they differed in symptoms, incidence and severity of infection. Variability in number of affected kernels among candidate varieties fluctuated between 1.2-20.1% while its mean was < 10%. Low level incidence (i.e., < 3%) was recorded in three candidate varieties i.e., 99B4012, NRDW-1 and Wafaq 2001. Percentage of the kernels with >50% disease coverage (i.e. infection severity) varied among the tested cultivars and it was highest (i.e., 30%) in V-99022. Symptoms which were observed in all cultivars included black point, dark smudge and black specks. Based on the disease incidence level of each candidate variety, an inference regarding disease situation under field conditions was derived in which up to 46 infected seeds capable of producing disease will be entering per m2 of the field. Field prediction along with incidence and symptoms severity may be utilized as selection criteria for commercial and upcoming breeding lines and cultivars.
  Sajid ALI , Syed Jawad Ahmed SHAH , Hidayatur RAHMAN , Muhammad Shahab SAQIB , Muhammad IBRAHIM and Muhammad SAJJAD
  Wheat yield of 37 wheat varieties along with a susceptible check, Morocco, was studied under yellow rust pressure across 3 locations of North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Pakistan during 2007. Considerable high disease pressure, as revealed by yellow rust severity, was observed at all locations with the maximum (100%) at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera. Disease severity ranged from 0% to 70% for the tested varieties while reached 100% for Morocco with S type of host response. We report the presence of sufficient variability across locations for both yield potential and yellow rust severity. Locations with maximum disease pressure had lower mean grain yield and vice versa. NIFA followed by AUP had higher mean grain yield (5533 kg ha-1 and 4292 kg ha-1, respectively) with lower maximum disease severity values (70% and 80%, respectively). CCRI had higher disease pressure (100% severity for Morocco) with lower mean grain yield (3676 kg ha-1). Bahawalpur-95, Suleman-96, Kohsar-93, Fakhre-Sarhad, Tatara, and Frontana had relatively stable severity across locations in a range of 0% to 10%. Based on overall traits, Kohsar-93, Bakhtawar-92, Saleem-2000, Fakhre-Sarhad, Tatara, and Karwan had better yield and lower yellow rust severity and is recommended for cultivation and further breeding exploitation.
 
 
 
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