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by
Mohammad Hossein Asghari |
Total Records (
1 ) for
Mohammad Hossein Asghari |
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Mohammad Hossein Asghari
,
Soodabeh Saeidnia
and
Mohammad Abdollahi
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Phthalates are a large group of chemicals, used in plasticizers and industrial
solvents, to make them flexible and soluble, especially when these materials
are applied in the production of toys, medical equipment and drugs coverings.
It seems that phthalates induce multi-organ damage through a number of mechanisms
such as oxidative stress via generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), DNA
damage, lipid peroxidation, disrupting cell function and also altering the expression
and activity of the most important antioxidant enzymes. In this study, we reviewed
the recent publications that evaluated the contribution of oxidative stress
in phthalate toxicity. Alteration of antioxidant enzymes such as a reduced SOD
(Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase) activity as well as an increased CAT (catalase)
function normally occur and can be observed particularly with higher doses of
phthalates. Moreover, these compounds decrease GPX (glutathione peroxidase)
and GST (glutathione S-transferase) activities. Nevertheless, controversy is
found in the levels of cellular antioxidants like SOD showing a reduction in
many organs like liver, kidney and reproductive system, whereas, its increase
has been reported in a few studies. In summary, among various organs, reproductive
system seems was affected further by oxidative stress through disruption of
spermatogenesis, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in gonocytes, impairment
of cellular redox mechanism and increasing peroxiredoxin 3 and cycloxygenase
2 levels in spermatocytes. The phthalates are being replaced in some countries
by other safe plasticizers. |
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