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by
H. Sayyazadeh |
Total Records (
2 ) for
H. Sayyazadeh |
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A. Khan Ahmadi
,
G. Rahimi
,
A. Vafaei
and
H. Sayyazadeh
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In the present study the genetic structure of Pekin and
Moscovy duck populations in north of Iran, Mazandaran province were
analyzed using thirteen microsatellite markers. One hundred blood samples
with equal number from each population were collected and DNA was
extracted using modified salting out method. After Polymerase Chain
Reaction (PCR), the PCR products were electrophoresed using 6%
polyacrylamide gel. Four Out of 12 microsatellite markers were not
amplified in any of both populations, three markers were monomorph and six
markers generated polymorph bands. Some genetic parameters such as
observed and effective allele number, mean of heterozygosity and genetic
distance between two duck populations were estimated. The observed allele
number in each locus was ranged from 1-4, effective allele number from
1-3.78, heterozygosity from 0-0.98 and the genetic distance between two
populations was measured as 0.59 percentages. The low of genetic distance
between two populations and the low level of mean heterozygosity index
indicate that the genetic diversity is low in within and between
populations. The low mean heterozygosity may be attributed to the low
number of alleles present in the population, high level of inbreeding
values because of small effective population size involved in studied duck
breeding flocks. The analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test showed
that none of the microsattelite sites were at equilibrium. The obtained
results at the present study indicated that characterization of genetic
diversity by employing molecular tools is a prerequisite in developing
strategies for conservation and utilization of duck genetic resources. |
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H. Sayyazadeh
,
G. Rahimi
and
M. Rezaei
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The use of enzymes has been common in many industries for many years. More recently, the animal feed industry began to incorporate specific enzymes in the animal and poultry feed. The main goals of enzyme supplementation of poultry diets have predominantly been related to the hydrolysis of fiber or NSP fraction in cereal grains. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of exogenous enzyme supplementation of maize, wheat and barley-based diets on broiler performance. A total of 720 one day-old broiler chicks (Arian breed) were allotted at random in equal numbers in floor pens (3 pen/treatment) and fed with 8 different ingredient diets. Broiler diets were prepared based on: a standard maize based diet (M); maize plus enzyme (ME); barley plus enzyme (BE); wheat plus enzyme (WE); maize-barley plus enzyme (MBE); maize-wheat plus enzyme (MWE); wheat-barley plus enzyme (WBE) and maize-wheat-barley plus enzyme (MWBE). From day 7 onwards and repeated weekly body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, mortality was determined. At the end of rearing period six chickens per treatment were slaughtered and carcass yield, abdominal fat pad content, intestine`s weight and size changes were measured. The result gives an impression that no significant differences were found in terms of live weight, feed intake, feed efficiency and chick`s survivability between enzymes treated and control diets. Dietary enzymes had no effect on gizzard and liver weight, carcass yield and abdominal fat pad contents. Enzyme supplementation, however significantly influence the weight but not the size of intestine. It has been shown that adding of enzyme to the feeds based on cereal grains with higher fiber contents improve the performance of broiler chicks to the levels at least as those obtained with maize based diets. The obtained results at the present study indicate the anti-nutritive effects of SNP on the performance of broilers were overcome by adding of enzymes. |
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