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Articles by D.K. Singh
Total Records ( 8 ) for D.K. Singh
  S. Kumar , S.P. Dixit , N.K. Verma , D.K. Singh , A. Pande , S. Kumar , R. Chander and L.B. Singh
  Problem statement: Gohilwari breed of goat is a multipurpose goat mainly for milk and meat purposes and best suited in its harsh climatic condition. This breed is inadequately characterized till now at DNA level. So the present study was undertaken for population genetic analysis at molecular level to exploit the breed for planning sustainable improvement, conservation and utilization, which subsequently can improve the livelihood of its stake holders. Approach: The experiment was conducted on 50 genomic DNA samples of unrelated goat using 25 microsatellite markers selected from the list suggested by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) and FAO’s (DAD-IS). Results: All of the 25 microsatellites were well amplified. The observed number of alleles detected per locus ranged from 4-24 with an overall mean of 10.12±5.46. Overall mean observed heterozygosity of 0.505 was lower than the overall mean expected heterozygosity of 0.684. Most of the loci showed the heterozygote deficit as also depicted by Fis value. There was substantial genetic variation and polymorphism across studied loci in the Gohilwari breed of goat. And this population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at most of the studied loci. This population was also receiving new genetic materials through introduction of immigrants. Conclusion: The strong inference that the Gohilwari breed of goat has not undergone bottleneck is also important for goat breeders and conservationists, as it suggests that any unique alleles present in this breed may not have been lost. Therefore, it can be recommended that within-breed diversity is actively maintained to enable these extensively unmanaged stocks to adapt to future demands and conditions and there is ample scope for further improvement in its productivity through appropriate breeding strategies. Though, microsatellites are neutral to selection with Ewens-Watterson test for neutrality some microsatellites were found not neutral or linked to some selective trait that must be further investigated for association to selective traits.
  Pradeep Kumar , Kumari Sunita and D.K. Singh
  Background and Objective: Fasciolosis is an endemic disease that causes severe economic conditions and affecting cattle populations even the human. The control of snail population is major tool in reducing the incidences of fasciolosis. The present study was designed for studying the effect of dried root powder of Potentilla fulgens (P. fulgens) use as molluscicides against vector snail Lymnaea acuminata (L. acuminata). Materials and Methods: Toxicity experiment of different organic extracts and column purified of P. fulgens was continuously observed for 96 h at different concentration. Mortality was observed for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Six aquariums were setup for each concentration. The control group animals were kept in the equal volume of water under similar conditions without treatment. Mortality of snails was recorded at interval of 24 h each up to 96 h by using POLO computer programme. Results: The dried root powder of P. fulgens at 96 h LC50 against L. acuminata was 133.62 mg L–1. Among different organic extracts, ethanol extract was more toxic than other organic extract. The ethanol extract of P. fulgens was more toxic (24h LC50-108.65 mg L–1) against L. acuminata. The 96 h LC50 of column purified fraction of dried root powder of P. fulgens was 28.69 mg L–1. Conclusion: The present study showed that the product of P. fulgens has potent molluscicidal activity. The product of P. fulgens may be used as potent molluscicides.
  S. Sivasakth , Manoj Khanna , Man Singh , S.S. Parihar , D.K. Singh , Raj Kumar and R.N. Sahoo
  Nitrogen (N) is an essential plant nutrient which is taken up by the crops throughout the growing season. Field experiments were conducted on microirrigation fertigation in garlic crop during the crop growing season of 2008-09 and 2009-10 year (both drip and micro sprinklers). Four levels of nitrogen treatments namely 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 with three replications were applied in both the methods of irrigation in Randomized Block Design (RBD). Water requirement of garlic crop was estimated by using Penman-Monteith method. Periodic soil samples were collected along the lateral (at emitter, 12.5 and 25 cm from emitter ) as well as across the lateral (15 and 30 cm from the emitter) at three soil depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) in both methods of irrigation. The plant samples were also collected during the harvest in both the season. It was observed that the soil water content was relatively higher in upper profile and near the emitter in all the three observations at 24, 48 and 72 h after fertigation in both drip and microsprinkler irrigation. The results revealed that N concentration in active root zone (15-30 cm) in microirrigation was more than the initial N content. In the same layer adequate nitrogen availability was observed. Available nitrogen decreased from emitter to the boundary wetting zone in drip fertigation in contrary to microsprinkler fertigation. Nitrogen leaching was higher in drip fertigation than the microsprinkler due to more vertical movement of soil water leading to the movement of the nitrogen beyond the root zone. Nitrogen balance for the study indicated that leaching of nitrogen beyond the root zone increased with the level of nitrogen applied in both the methods of irrigation.
  Aparna Upadhyay , Pooja Agrahari and D.K. Singh
  Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) is called the “King of medicines” in Tibet and is always listed first in the Ayurvedic materia medica because of its extraordinary powers of healing with a wide spectrum of biological activity. A number of chemical constituents have been isolated from the plant extract that include chebulin, ellagic acid, 2,4-chebulyl-D-glucopyranose, arjunglucoside I, arjungenin, chebulinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl gallate, punicalagin, terflavin A, terchebin, luteolin and tannic acid. The plant is an important constituent of an herbal formulation, contains the name TRIPHALA which is very popular traditional medicine for chronic disorder like diabetes, nervine disorder and epilepsy. The plant has been reported to possess various pleiotropic effects such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulator and prokinetic effect. The study elucidates about various pharmacological effects exhibited by this multipurpose tree.
  Aparna Upadhyay , Pooja Agrahari and D.K. Singh
  Plant Momordica charantia Linn., known as bitter gourd, belongs to family Cucurbitaceae. It is cultivated throughout India, Malaya, China, Tropical Africa and America. Earlier claims showed that its bitter fruits have carminative, aphrodisiac and anthelmintic properties are used in syphilis, rheumatism, troubles of spleen and ophthalmia. It is also useful in piles, leprosy, jaundice and used as a vermifuge. Literature review reveals that the fruit of plant contains moisture (83.2%), proteins (2.9%), fat (1.0%), carbon (9.8%), fibers (1.7%), mineral matters (1.4%), calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, thiamine, nicotinic acid, riboflavin, ascorbic acid (88 mg/100 g), copper and potassium. Charantin, β-sitosterol-glucoside, stigmast-5, 25-dien-3 β-O-glucoside, stigmast-7, 25-dien-3 β-ol and stigmast-7, 22, 25-trien-3 β-ol are isolated from the fruit. Many pharmacological properties of M. charantia have been reported, including antioxidant, adipogenesis-reducing, antilipolytic, hypoglycemic, antidiabetic, anticancer, antifertility, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, antiviral and hepatoprotective activity. The present review highlights the salient pharmacological uses of Momordica charantia.
  Shiv Kumar , D.K. Singh and Vinay Kumar Singh
  Snail Lymnaea acuminata is the intermediate host of liver fluke Fasciola gigantica, which cause endemic fasciolosis among cattle population of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Control of snail population by molluscicides is one of the effective methods to control fasciolosis. In the present study molluscicidal activity of tertiary combination of freeze-dried urine of different Indian breeds of cow Sahiwal, Geer and Tharparkar with Annona squamosa seed powder, Ferula asafoetida root latex, Azadirachta indica oil and Camellia sinensis leaves have been tested against Lymnaea acuminata. It was noted that the toxicity of tertiary combination (1:1:5) of cow urine kept for 15 days in sunlight or laboratory condition with different plant products were highly toxic against snail L. acuminata. 96 h LC50 of tertiary combinations with Sahiwal urine kept for 15 days in sunlight with A. squamosa, F. asafoetida, A. indica oil and C. sinensis were 35.47 mg L-1, 37.13 mg L-1, 33.66 mg L-1, respectively higher than the Geer and Tharparkar. The toxicity of Sahiwal urine kept for 15 days in laboratory condition with A. squamosa and C. sinensis (96 h LC50 28.28 mg L-1) was more potent than the all other combinations. Cow urine in combination with plant product can be used for effective control of snail.
  Shefali Srivastava , Anupam Pati Tripathi , V.K. Singh and D.K. Singh
  Snails of family Lymnaeidae act as an intermediate host of Fasciola species, which caused fasciolosis nearly in all the continents of world. Eugenol and quercetin are active molluscicides against snail Lymnaea acuminata. Laboratory evaluation is done to determine the effect of abiotic factors on the toxicity of these molluscicides in the year 2010-2011. Highest toxicity of eugenol (24 h LC50 10.03 mg L–1) and quercetin (24 h LC50 129.13 mg L–1) was observed in the month of May. Significant correlation was observed between LC50 values of eugenol and quercetin with temperature/pH/dissolved oxygen/carbon dioxide. In vivo acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity were measured in the nervous tissue of treated snails in each month of year 2010-2011.
  Preetee Jaiswal , Pradeep Kumar , V.K. Singh and D.K. Singh
  Areca catechu is a species of palm grown mainly in Asian countries for seed crop. The chemical constituents of A. catechu have been investigated for anti-nematodal/helmintic, antioxidant, anti-venom, modulation of phagocytosis, effect on sperm motility/catecholamine release, as immunosuppression, management of psychiatric disorder and Alzheimer’s disease. Recent studies have revealed strong molluscicidal activity of A. catechu against harmful snails for the control of fascioliasis. Despite its laboratory studies on nematocidal/helmintic/molluscicidal activity of A. catechu. More field studies are recommended for effective control of these pests. Alkaloid arecoline is the major constituents of A . catechu for most of their biological effects. A. catechu deserves more attention by scientific community and health experts to explore its full range of benefits in welfare of mankind. Adverse effects of oral ingestion of A. catechu, causing Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF), oral submucous cell carcinoma should be taken in consideration, while their use is recommended in solving different health problems.
 
 
 
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