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Articles by Anser Ali
Total Records ( 8 ) for Anser Ali
  Rashid Mahmood , Muhammad Yaseen , Anser Ali , Javaid Iqbal , Safdar Hussain and M. Ahmad Alias Haji A. Bukhsh
  Calcium carbide is well known as a nitrification inhibitor and its role as a source of ethylene (C2H4), a potent plant growth regulator, is not thoroughly investigated. A pot trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of formulated calcium carbide with different doses of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency, growth and yield of wheat. At the 1st step calcium carbide was formulated with polyethylene and plaster of paris and named as Matrix-I (21% calcium carbide, 58% polyethylene and 21% plaster of paris). Wheat cv. Inqulab-91 seeds were sown in pots and 5 plants were maintained. Calcium carbide was applied @ 0, 7.5, 15 and 22.5 mg/kg pot soil with 0, 30 and 60 mg N/kg soil. It was noted that nitrogen fertilizer application significantly enhanced almost all growth and yield parameters of wheat. It was also observed that matrix-I not only improved growth and yield parameters of wheat except plant height, which was reduced by CaC2 application, but also enhanced N uptake by different plant parts of wheat, when applied @ 15 mg CaC2 kg-1 soil at 8 cm soil depth. It was further noted that matrix-I better improved N use efficiency when applied with half recommended dose of N fertilizer than that of with full recommended N fertilizer rate.
  M. Ahmad Alias Haji A. Bukhsh , Riaz Ahmad , Javaid Iqbal , M. Mudassar Maqbool , Anser Ali , M. Ishaque and Safdar Hussain
  Maize is a particular cereal crop which is more affected by variations in plant density than other members of the grass family, due to its low tillering ability, its monoecious floral organization and the presence of a brief flowering period. Different maize cultivars respond differently to K application under varying plant densities, due to different root/shoot ratio, growth rate, crowding stress tolerance, intra-specific competition between plants, K uptake and utilization. Maize cultivars have the ability to withstand high plant density due to more partitioning of assilimilates to shoot as compare to root, resulting in reduction of root/shoot ratio. K application reduces the percent of senescent stalks, lodging and increased crushing strength and rind thickness. There is general consensus that the soils of Pakistan have large capacity to provide K to crop under ordinary conditions, but the increase in the intensity of cropping, excessive use of the tube well water, introduction of the high yielding cultivars requiring high K, increasing use of N and P, could hasten the removal of K from the soils and imbalance the uptake of K in relation to other nutrients. Genotypic and crop species differences exist in response to soil and fertilizer K and non-yield traits such as stalk strength or product quality must be taken into account in K management decisions. K application not only increases grain yield, but also improves quality parameters. K application improves utilization of water, tolerance to drought through stomatal conductance, acceleration in photosynthesis process, water up take through roots. Its application improves leaf area, dry matter accumulation and other allometric parameters. K in combination with N has synergistic influence in uptake, translocation and utilization of nutrients for assimilation in growth and development of final grain yield and its contributing attributes. Normally K deficiency symptoms are usually not conspicuous although grain yield is abruptly decreased (called hidden hunger), but severe deficiency do express symptoms. It is therefore suggested that luxuriant application of K is inevitable for getting successful and maximum production from maize hybrids.
  Javaid Iqbal , Khizer Hayat , Safdar Hussain , Anser Ali and Muhammad Ahmad Alias Haji Ahmad Bakhsh
  A field experiment to investigate the effect of seeding rates and different levels of nitrogen on yield and yield components of wheat was conducted at Research Area, College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan. An approved cultivar Fareed-2006 was sown at seeding rates of 125, 150 and 175 kg/ha with five nitrogen levels of 0, 75, 100, 125 and 150 kg N/ha. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement keeping seed rate in main plots and nitrogen levels in sub plots having three replications while, net plot size was 3 x 7 m2. Yield components such as plant height (cm), spike length (cm), number of spikelets/spike, number of grain/spike, 1000-grain weight (g), biological yield (kg/ha), grain yield (kg/ha) and harvest index were maximum at seeding rate of 150 kg/ha and minimum at seeding rate of 125kg/ha while number of tillers were maximum at seeding rate of 175 kg/ha and minimum at seeding rate of 125kg/ha. Similarly plant height, number of tillers m-2, spike length, number of spikelets/spike, number of grain/spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index were highest at nitrogen at 125 kg/ha and lowest at zero level of nitrogen. The interaction between seeding rates and nitrogen levels was found non significant for plant height, number of tillers m-2 spike length, number of spikelets/spike and 1000 grain weight while a significant interaction was noted for number of grain/ spike, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index and were maximum at seeding rate of 150 kg/ha with nitrogen level of 125 kg/ha.
  Aisha Bibi , Nosheen Ellahi , Anser Ali , Fida Hussain , Nisar Hussain and Muhammad Ahmad
  Seedlings of Vicia faba were germinated and grown on moist filter paper in Petri dishes for about ten days. Seedlings of uniform size were then transplanted into pots containing garden soil and different NaCl treatments/EC values i.e 0.2 (control), 1.3, 2.4, 4.6, 9.1, 13.6, 18.0 and 22.5 mS/cm. Root and shoot lengths, their fresh and dry weights and root nodulation were recorded at different intervals after transplantation. Fresh and dry weight of shoot generally decreased with increasing NaCl levels in Vicia faba. Plants of treatment (control), 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 remain alive, their weight and length of shoot increased with the passage of time and the weight first increased and then decreased with increasing NaCl levels. Similar results were obtained for roots, but other die. In Vicia faba flowering and pod formation was negligible during first, second and third harvest at any treatment. Nodule formation was observed and the number of nodules per plant decreased with increasing NaCl levels. It was that increasing trends of salinity levels in Vacia faba caused a reduction in the growth of morphological characters and nutritional stress by decreasing in nodulation number and weight age.
  Anser Ali , Shahzad M.A. Basra , Safdar Hussain , Javaid Iqbal , M. Ahmad Alias Haji A. Bukhsh and Muhammad Sarwar
  Soil salinity is a huge problem negatively affecting physiological and metabolic processes in plant life, ultimately diminishing growth and yield. Salts taken up by the plants influence the plant growth by inducing adverse effects on different physiological and biochemical processes, including turgor, photosynthesis and enzymatic activities. Mechanisms responsible for reduction in plant growth under salt stress are: (1) Osmotic stress, (2) Specific ion toxicity, (3) Nutritional imbalance and (4) Oxidative stress. Different approaches such as introduction of new genes into genotypes responsible for salt tolerance, screening of large international collections and conduct of field trials on selected genotypes, conventional and non-conventional breeding methods and adequate regulation of mineral nutrients have been employed to enhance salinity tolerance in plants. Saline agriculture and exogenous application of mineral elements including Si has been professed as cost effective approach to ameliorate the salt stress in cereal crops like wheat. Si is categorized as a beneficial element in plant biology. It is unquestionably an important requirement for the normal growth of many plants and must be called as “Quasi essential”. Si amendment also plays a pivotal role to enhance chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and rigidity of plants under stressful conditions. There are different mechanisms by which Si mediates salinity tolerance in plants. It maintains the plant water status under saline conditions. It reduces uptake of Na+ by improving K+: Na+ and also alleviates the toxicity of other heavy metals. It application helps to improve the defensive system of the plants by producing anti-oxidants which in turn detoxify reactive oxygen species. Morphological and physiological improvements in plants were observed due to Si deposition within plant body under salt stress conditions. Silicon improves growth and dry matter production under salt stress conditions. Its application also enhances the crop performance against biotic stress. It is, therefore, suggested that supplemental application of Si must be included in salt stress alleviation management techniques.
  M. Mudassar Maqbool , Maqbool Ahmad , Anser Ali , Rashid Mehmood , Muhammad Ahmad and Muhammad Sarwar
  In agricultural system, the application of Phosphorous (P) to the soil is essential to make sure the crop productivity as the recovery of applied P by crops becomes very low during growth period. The way, phosphorus is applied is also critical in wheat growth and development. For this purpose a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different P fertilizers and their methods of application on wheat growth and yield. Different Phosphorus fertilizers Mono-Ammonium Phosphate (MAP), Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP) and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) @ 100 kg ha-1 were applied through: broadcasting, application with the seed, application 5 cm to the right and left of the seed and 5 cm below the seed. The effects of MAP, DAP and TSP on the characteristics examined was non-significant. However, effects of application methods on plant height, the number of plants m-2, biological and grain yield were found to be highly significant. The maximum grain yield was obtained from application of phosphorus 5 cm below the seed as compare with any other method. It was concluded that the method of P application 5 cm below the seed is successful agro-technique to improve and sustain the wheat growth.
  Muhammad Sarwar , Anser Ali , M. Mudassar Maqbool , Muhammad Ahmad , Rashid Mahmood and Tanveer Ul Haq
  Weed-crop competition is a complex field of study. The extent of competition is governed by a number of factors including crop species, crop cultivar, crop density, weed species, weed density, the relative time of emergence of the crop and weed, the duration of the weed presence, the efficiency of weed control and soil and environmental factors. The greatest single cause of economic loss is, however, a reduction in yield due to weeds competing with the crop for available light, nutrients and moisture. The effect of Phalaris minor and Avena fatua on wheat was investigated at agronomic research area, College of Agriculture, Dera Ghazi Khan during 2007-2008. The experiment was laid out according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) having four replications and a net plot size of 5x2.5m. Plant density of 2, 4, 6 and 8 m-2 for Phalaris minor and Avena fatua was maintained. The data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques. Maximum plant density of wheat (96.500) was observed in T1 (control). All other parameters like total number of tillers (403.25), number of fertile tillers (400.25) and maximum plant height (86.750) was also observed in T1(control). Growth and yield parameters like number of spike lets/spike, number of grains/spike, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and biological yield showed significant response in the presence of Phalaris minor and Avena fatua under study. Maximum grain yield (7.0500 t/ha) was obtained in T1 (control) and T2 (6.8500 t/ha) and T6 (6.8750 t/ha), respectively. Maximum biological yield (14.875 t/ha) was obtained in T1control) and T2 (15.750 t/ha) and T6 (15.975 t/ha), respectively. It can be conclude from the current study that presence of weeds (Phalaris minor and Avena fatua) in wheat has remarkable adverse effect on the yield and its contributing factors. As the density increases, the crop performance is gradually declined.
  Amjed Ali , Ashfaq Ahmad , Tasneem Khaliq , Anser Ali and Muhammad Ahmad
  Sunflower because of its quantity and quality of edible oil occupies an important position in the world among the new oil seed crops. To improve achene yield and quality of sunflower in our country different strategies have been adopted. One is to increase number of plants per unit area, which ultimately needs more nitrogen for its physiological and nutritional requirements. Normally, by increasing plant density decreases plant height, head diameter and 1000-achene weight. On the other hand, generally high rate of nitrogen application leads to more rapid leaf area development, prolongs life of foliage, increases leaf area duration after flowering and enhance on the whole crop assimilation, consequently contributing to increase in seed production. By the N application head diameter, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, seed yield per head, seed yield per plant were increased though harvest index and seed oil concentration were decreased. With the increase of nitrogen supply leaf gas exchange and shoot dry weight parameters improved but beyond that these decreased and optimum nitrogen concentrations were different among cultivars. Seed viability, seedling vigor and cool germination test performance, leaf area index, biomass production, seed weight and seed yield per unit area all were found to increase significantly due to the addition of the high N rate. Grain yield and photosynthesis active radiation absorption increase with increasing nitrogen levels and plant density. However, excess rates of nitrogen by enhancing vegetative growth of aerial parts, prolongs the periods to flowering and physiological maturity. High concentration of nitrogen did not affect specific leaf weight but resulted in more dry matter production per plant. With increase in N supply, RUE might also increase but in a lower order than LAI and IPAR. Nitrogen application appreciably enhanced interception of PAR and RUE of sunflower crop sown in irrigated areas. It is, therefore, concluded that while considering the optimum plant density in sunflower nitrogen should rates should also revised to harvest maximum achene and oil yield.
 
 
 
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