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: Genetic diversity of the Monoceious thalloid liverwort Plagiochasma appendiculatum was investigated by Rapid Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The species is explained and demonstrated with its genetic diversity on the basis of morphological variations. Samples were collected from different parts of India growing on different habitat at variable altitude. After the study of its morphology, it has been observed that the population of this taxon shows significant variation in plant size, shape, colour, ventral scales, appendages of scales, rhizoids, position of male and female receptacles etc. Based on such morphological variations, we have used the RAPD marker to estimate the genetic diversity within and between the populations. Approximately 75% of the variations have been observed within and between genotypes of P. appendiculatum as revealed with both phenotypic and genotypic data. The RAPD markers are being used increasingly to analyze the phylogenetic relationship among the liverworts to give the exact framework of taxonomic identification of naturally occurring liverwort P. appendiculatum.
