Abstract: Organic composition and toxicity of dusts collected in and around Maiduguri metropolis were investigated. High performance liquid chromatographic technique was used to determine the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons (anthracene, naphthalene, benzene and pyridine) in the samples. Haematological parameters, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), White Blood Cell counts (WBC), Haemoglobin estimation (HB) and Red Blood Cell (RBC) counts were used as biomarkers to identify possible toxic effects of exposure to dust samples. Low concentrations (0.0157 ±0.002 and 0.0133 ±0.004 mg g^-1) of anthracene and naphthalene were measured on the dust samples while benzene and pyridine were not detected. Intravenous and intratracheal administration of dust decreased significantly (p<0.05) the RBC, Hb and PCV in goats when compared to the control group. The values of WBC however increased when dust was administered intratracheally and intravenously. The result obtained do not suggest any evidence of substantial anthropogenic pollution of this environment