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Nutritional and Health Implications of Mycotoxins
in Animal Feeds: A Review |
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K.E. Akande ,
M.M. Abubakar ,
T.A. Adegbola and S.E. Bogoro |
Abstract:
Mycotoxins are harmful substances
produced by fungi in various foods and are estimated to affect as much
as 25% of the world`s crop each year. Most of these mytocoxins belong
to the three genera of fungi: Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium.
Although over 300 mytocoxins are known, those of most concern based
on their toxicity and occurrence, are aflatoxin, vomitoxin, ochratoxin,
zearaleone, fumonisin and T-2 toxin. They are produced in cereal grains
as well as forages before, during and after harvest in various environmental
conditions. The presence of mycotoxins in feeds may decrease feed intake
and affect animal performance. In addition, the possible presence of
toxic residues in edible animal product such as milk, meat and eggs
may have some detrimental effects on human health. Fungal contamination
affects both the organoleptic characteristics and the alimentary value
of feeds and entails a risk of toxicosis. The biological effects of
mycotoxin depend on the ingested amounts, number of occurring toxins,
duration of exposure to mycotoxin and animal sensitivity. Mycotoxins
display a diversity of chemical structures, accounting for their different
biological effects. Depending on their precise nature, these toxins
may be carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic, immunosuppressive, tremor
genic, hemorrhagic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and neurotoxic. Controlling
mould growth and mycotoxin production is very important to the feed
manufacturer and livestock producer. Control of mould growth in feeds
can be accomplished by keeping moisture low, feed fresh, equipment clean
and using mould inhibitors. In addition, control of mycotoxins in animal
diets would reduce the likelihood that mycotoxin residues would appear
in animal products destined for human consumption.
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How to cite this article:
K.E. Akande , M.M. Abubakar , T.A. Adegbola and S.E. Bogoro , 2006. Nutritional and Health Implications of Mycotoxins
in Animal Feeds: A Review. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5: 398-403.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2006.398.403
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2006.398.403
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