Efficacy of Calcium Reducing Lead Toxicity in Hematology of Oreochromis niloticus

Research Article

Efficacy of Calcium Reducing Lead Toxicity in Hematology of Oreochromis niloticus

P. Kosai, W. Jiraungkoorskul, A. Synsatayakul and K. Jiraungkoorskul

This study was investigated the effects of waterborne lead (Pb) and calcium (Ca) dietary on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) using hematology, micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormality (NA) analysis. The values of 96 h LC₅₀ of Pb to tilapia in our laboratory was 182.38 mg L^-1. Therefore, lead concentration tested in this sub-lethal experiment was 45 mg L^-1(correspond to 25% of the 96 h LC₅₀). The dietary supplement with 0, 20 and 60 mg Ca²⁺g^-1 fish food were feeding for 30 days. Sixty fish were equally divided into six groups (G1: normal diet and water; G2: normal diet and waterborne lead; G3: low Ca²⁺ diet and water; G4: high Ca²⁺ diet and water; G5: low Ca²⁺ diet and waterborne lead; and G6: high Ca²⁺ diet and waterborne lead). After 30 days treatment, blood collection for hematology, MN and NA analysis. It was observed that, fish showed significant sensitivity to the different treatments. The results of hematological analysis including, hematocrit, hemoglobin, erythrocytes and leukocytes counts, were increased in Pb exposure when compare those of the control group, but no statistically significant. The percentages of immature erythrocyte count were increased from 1.1 to 3.8% through Pb exposure. NA shapes in erythrocytes were scored into blebbed nuclei (BL), lobed nuclei (LB), notched nuclei (NT) and binuclei (BN). In general, the highest value of both MN and NA cells were significantly increased in the Pb treated group followed by the combination of Pb and Ca²⁺ treated group. The frequencies of each NA shape in erythrocytes of all treatments were observed in the following NT>LB>BN>BL. Our results demonstrated the efficacy of calcium in reducing toxicity in fish induced by waterborne lead.

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P. Kosai, W. Jiraungkoorskul, A. Synsatayakul and K. Jiraungkoorskul, 2011. Efficacy of Calcium Reducing Lead Toxicity in Hematology of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 6: 346-355.

DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2011.346.355

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jfas.2011.346.355

Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science

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P. Kosai

W. Jiraungkoorskul

A. Synsatayakul

K. Jiraungkoorskul

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Research Article

Efficacy of Calcium Reducing Lead Toxicity in Hematology of Oreochromis niloticus

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