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Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2010 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 5 | Page No.: 373-385
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Authors

Ali Vaziri Gohar

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Review Article

Clinical Applications of Epigenetic Markers in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer

Ali Vaziri Gohar
The best characterized of epigenetic is the modifications that occur on DNA and histones that can specify regulate transcriptional activity. Since discovery of cancer epigenetic in 1983, there is an explosion of interest in the epigenetic of cancer study. The epigenetic of cancer has been associated with all stages of tumor formation and progression. DNA methylation and histone acetylation are important epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation and play essential roles in tumor initiation and progression. Also, epigenetic alterations are potentially reversible, but epigenetic events can facilitate genetic damage by the increased mutagenicity of 5-methylcytosine by DNA methylation. The advantages of epigenetic changes can be used as powerful marker to detect cancer cells or cancer-derived and have made the way of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, although only a few genes have given promising results as potential tumor biomarkers.
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