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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2012 | Volume: 12 | Issue: 13 | Page No.: 1345-1354
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Authors

Abdelmonem M. Abdellah

Hago M. Abdel-Magid

Nadia A. Yahia

Keywords

Research Article

Effect of Long-term Pumping on Fluoride Concentration Levels in Groundwater: A Case Study from East of Blue Nile Communities of Sudan

Abdelmonem M. Abdellah, Hago M. Abdel-Magid and Nadia A. Yahia
Many studies reported that groundwater constituents are not always stable during long-term pumping. This study conducted to investigate fluoride ion (F¯) trend in some boreholes in the study area. A total of 26 boreholes were analyzed and compared with the Construction Analyses (CA). The data from CA and Study Analysis (SA) were graphed and trends of F¯ levels were prepared. The consequent results revealed that, in general, F¯ levels decreased in almost all of the investigated boreholes. Only one borehole exhibited of F¯ ion concentration level from 0.7-0.9 mg L-1 (4.3% increasing rate per year) while another borehole showed a negligible decrease of F¯ concentration level, from 2-1.9 mg L-1 (0.2% decreasing rate per year). In general, decreasing rates of F¯ concentration levels were almost observed in communities with intensive population in the study area. This study attributed the decreasing rate of F¯ concentration levels in boreholes of the study area to the continuous withdrawal of groundwater that eventually washing up and depleting F¯ content in aquifers. Researchers should be advised to develop and use the "fluoride trend method" used in this study to determine F¯ concentration levels previously registered in well water and to properly pinpoint the exact F¯ concentration level providing the threshold of dental fluorosis prevalence among schoolchildren.
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