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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2008 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 12 | Page No.: 2300-2305
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Authors

M. Goudarzi

H. Pakniyat

Keywords

Research Article

Comparison Between Salt Tolerance of Various Cultivars of Wheat and Maize

M. Goudarzi and H. Pakniyat
The effects of salt stress (NaCl and Na2SO4 in 1:1 ratio) on the activity of peroxidase (POD), proline accumulation, protein, Na + and K + contents and K + /Na + ratio were studied on leaves of two maize and wheat genotypes. Wheat cvs., [Kavir (tolerant) and Ghods (sensitive)] and maize cvs. [704 (tolerant) and 666 (semi-tolerant)] were grown under control (ECe = 1.26 dS m 1) and two levels of salinity (ECe = 6.8 and 13.8 dS m 1, respectively) in a greenhouse. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial treatments with three replications was used. Salinity stress decreased K + and K + /Na + ratio and increased Na + , proline, protein and POD activity in both genotypes of wheat and maize under both salinity levels. Furthermore the results showed a lower amount of proline, protein and POD activity in wheat than maize cvs. On the other hand, the higher amounts of K + and K + /Na + ratios which were found in wheat than maize resulted in better ion homeostasis in wheat that caused this species to have a higher tolerance than maize. In wheat cvs.; salinity stress resulted in an increase in proline and protein contents, POD activity, K + and K + /Na + ratio in Kavir cultivar than Ghods. However, Ghods cultivar showed a higher Na + content than Kavir. In maize, cultivar 704 showed a higher increase in proline and protein contents, POD activity, K + and K + /Na + ratio and a lower increase in Na + than 666 cultivar. Maize cvs. showed a higher level of proline, protein and POD activity than wheat cvs., but these components may have been a reaction to salt stress in maize and not a plant response associated with tolerance. The results of this study suggest that Na + and K + contents and K + /Na + ratio in maize as a C4 plant and in wheat as a C3 plant may be considered for selecting the tolerant cultivars.
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