Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India

Research Article

Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India

The knowledge of drug resistance mutations in HIV patients is essential for clinicians to decide the optimal Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) combination. Interestingly, most studies reported from India have focused only on mutations in the Reverse Transcriptase (RT) region. Therefore, we carried out a pilot study to identify mutations in both the Protease (PR) and RT regions in treatment naive HIV seropositive patients from Mumbai. The PR and RT regions were successfully amplified and sequenced in fifteen samples using an automated DNA Sequencer. All specimens were identified as Clade C based on pol sequencing. Further, the drug resistance data was interpreted using the online Stanford HIV database. The most prominent mutations found in the RT region were T215 A/G/R (33.3%), Y181C (33.3%) and P225H (33.3%). It is noteworthy that although it is rare to observe major mutations in the PR region in treatment naive HIV patient samples, it was seen that M46L and I47M in >30% of the samples analyzed. Moreover, the homology of these sequences with HIV wild type sequence was verified using National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) blast. Overall, many of the patient samples analyzed had mutations that impart resistance to Indinavir (IDV), Lopinavir (LPV), Nelfinavir (NFV), Stavudine (D4T) and Efavirenz (EFV). Hence, despite the small sample size, the present findings highlight the fact that there may be higher levels of primary HIV drug resistance in Mumbai than previously reported.

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P.D. Potdar, B.S. Daswani and N.J. Rane, 2011. Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India. International Journal of Virology, 7: 13-23.

DOI: 10.3923/ijv.2011.13.23

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijv.2011.13.23

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P.D. Potdar

B.S. Daswani

N.J. Rane

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Research Article

Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India

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