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International Journal of Chemical Technology

Year: 2013 | Volume: 5 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 1-9
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Authors

Isha Sharma

Ashish Chauhan

Deep Kamal Randhawa

Keywords

Mini Review

Quantum Dots: A Metaphor for Advancement of Technology

Isha Sharma, Ashish Chauhan and Deep Kamal Randhawa
Quantum dots have attracted the attention of many researchers since their discovery in the last decade. Quantum Dots (QDs) which are also known as semiconductor nanocrystals, have become an indispensable tool in bio-medical research, especially for multiplexed, quantitative and long-term fluorescence imaging and detection. QDs are nanometer-scale semiconductor crystals composed of groups II-VI or III-V elements and are defined as particles with physical dimensions smaller than the Bohr radius. Now the most useful QDs are semiconductor QDs, such as ZnS-capped CdSe nanocrystals. QDs possess unique chemical and physical properties due to their size and highly compact structure. Due to their tuneable band gap property they have shown promising applications in almost in each and every field. They can be a useful tool for monitoring cancerous cells and providing a means to better understanding of its evolution as they offer a wide broadband absorption spectrum while maintaining a distinct, static emission wavelength. In future, they could also be armed with tumour-fighting toxic therapies to provide the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The success of using QDs in biological imaging, sensing and detection has encouraged scientists to further develop this technology for defence, clinical and translational research. One of the most important emerging applications of QDs appears to be traceable drug delivery, because it has the potential to elucidate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drug entity and to provide the design principles for drug carrier engineering. This review intends to highlight the latest developments in quantum dots that have greatly affected the human life in various fields.
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