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European Journal of Dentistry and Medicine

Year: 2016 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 1-3 | Page No.: 12-16
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Authors

J. Anbu Jeba Sunilson

J. Anbu Jeba Sunilson

A.V. Anita Gnana Kumari

Abdullah Khan

K. Anandarajagopal

Keywords

Background and Objective: Medicinal plants have a vital role in the development of novel antimicrobial agents. The fruit Malus domestica is known as apple and commonly used to prevent tooth decay by killing dental pathogens. However, there were no scientific reports about the fruits of Malus domestica having antimicrobial activity against dental pathogens. The aim of this study was to extract the active constituents present in the fruits of Malus domestica by cold maceration method using petroleum ether, ethanol and water. Methodology: The antibacterial activity was assessed by cup plate method against five isolated dental pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus subtilis, Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. and the radial zone of inhibition was measured. Results: The results revealed that the ethanol extract (100 mg mL–1) has more potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. mutans and Pseudomonas sp., followed by aqueous extract (100 mg mL–1) whereas, petroleum ether extract (100 mg mL–1) has not shown any zone of inhibition against the tested microorganisms. All the results were compared with standard drug chlorhexidine 0.2% w/v. Conclusion: Hence, the study concludes that Malus domestica fruit extracts possess significant (p<0.001, p<0.01, p<0.05) antibacterial activity against dental pathogens. The phyto chemical tests on ethanol extract showed the presence of bioactive constituents such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and tannins which could be responsible for the antibacterial activity of M. domestica fruit.
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