Abstract: Current environmental issues and resource demands are driving the global development of renewable energy. This study reviews various technologies that have been used for biodiesel production till date. The number of well-defined catalyst complexes that are able to catalyze transesterification reactions efficiently has been significantly expanded in recent years. The activity of catalysts, specifically in application to solid acid/base catalyst in transesterification reaction depends on their structure, strength of basicity/acidity, surface area as well as the stability of catalyst. There are various process intensification technologies based on the use of ultrasound and microwave assisted reaction. The inconveniences of the conventional method for biodiesel production by alkaline catalysis suggests research towards alternative methods with the non-catalytic transesterification using an alcohol at supercritical conditions proposed as a promising technique for biodiesel production. However, application of this methodology has some limitations, like operating conditions (elevated temperature and pressure and higher amounts of alcohol) which result in high energy costs and degradation of the products generated. Novel approach is also discussed such as the one proposed to convert lipid-rich, dry algae into Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters (FAEE) under microwave-mediated supercritical ethanol (MW-SCE) conditions with a non-catalytic transesterification approach.