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Research Journal of Environmental Sciences

Year: 2015 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 16-27
DOI: 10.3923/rjes.2015.16.27
Removal of Water Hardness by Gas Sparged Dialysis Membrane Process
Abdulrahman G. Alshammari

Abstract: Presence of high concentration of hardness in water is one of the major factors limiting its household and other uses. The main aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of dialysis membrane process over the conventional method for removing hardness (divalent ions) from saline water using lime stone to produce soft water with desalination by reverse osmosis. The rate of mass transfer of hardness salts such as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride across a regenerated cellulose acetate membrane in a gas-stirred batch dialysis cell were measured by the conductivity method. Two parameters namely velocity and initial concentration were investigated. An increase in the air velocity increased the overall mass transfer coefficient. The mass transfer coefficients ranged from 65.52 to 249.93% for calcium chloride and 67 to 251.14% for magnesium chloride over the natural convection value depending on the experimental conditions. An equation was obtained for the transfer of salt ions functions in a superficial velocity. The exponent of the superficial velocity agreed with the values reported in previous studies on heat and mass transfer in bubble stirred systems. The experimental data were fitted based on the formula. J=0.026 ( Re Fr)-0.252. In conclusion, the dialysis membrane process showed an excellent potential for hardness removal from saline water on cost effective method.

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How to cite this article
Abdulrahman G. Alshammari , 2015. Removal of Water Hardness by Gas Sparged Dialysis Membrane Process. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9: 16-27.

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