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Plant Pathology Journal

Year: 2016 | Volume: 15 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 49-56
DOI: 10.3923/ppj.2016.49.56
Expression of Hydrolytic Enzymes During Interaction of Moniliophthora roreri, Causal Agent of Frosty Pod Rot and Theobroma cacao Pods
C. Torres-Palacios and M. Ramirez-Lepe

Abstract: Moniliophthora roreri is a hemibiotrophic fungus causal agent of Frosty Pod Rot (FPR) in cacao (Theobroma cacao) pods. The M. roreri causes one of the most economically important diseases of Theobroma cacao in producing areas in Mexico, Central and South America. The hemibiotrophic fungi have genes that allow them to infect pods by penetration through the surfaces of the cacao pod. Until now, it is not yet clear what is the mechanism used by M. roreri to penetrate the cacao pod. In this study the induction of the genes related to this phenomenon was evaluated in order to propose a mechanism of infection. Production of chitinases, chitosanases, glucanases, proteases, lipases and cutinases were induced in vitro by growing M. roreri 111A in 1% (w/v) of colloidal chitin, chitosan, laminarin, casein, tween 20™, apple cutin and cocoa pod shell. Cacao pod shell used as substrate induced the highest enzyme specific activities of chitinases (1.338), chitosanases (0.430), glucanases (0.430) and cutinases (0.167) compared to chitin (1.010), chitosan (0.316), laminarin (0.301) and apple cutin (0.040) in 12 h. The effect of carbon source on enzyme activity in a “Cross-inducted” way was evaluated. Tween 20 induced higher specific activities of chitinases (10.31), chitosanases (9.38), glucanases (7.89), lipases (4.66) and cutinases (5.32). Conversely casein did not increase the proteolytic activity (3.27) as did laminarin (4.45), chitin (4.28) and glucose (3.90). The levels of gene induction obtained by RT-PCR cultured with cocoa pod shell at 12 h showed that a chitinase, a lipase and a cutinase had significant differences (p = 0.05) compared to a basal expression with glucose. The data suggest that these enzymes may be involved in the early stages of the infection process by M. roreri.

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How to cite this article
C. Torres-Palacios and M. Ramirez-Lepe, 2016. Expression of Hydrolytic Enzymes During Interaction of Moniliophthora roreri, Causal Agent of Frosty Pod Rot and Theobroma cacao Pods. Plant Pathology Journal, 15: 49-56.

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