Abstract: Economic importance of good quality cashmere including, raw cashmere export or utilization for using in internal alternative industrial and saving foreign currency arising from cashmere import break and importance of agriculture in security of economical of country and to pay attention to pastures in ecosystem stability, performance of animal breeding programs is essential to reach higher animals. The black goat of southern Khorasan maintaining in Ghayen, Birjand, Sarbisheh and Nehbandan is about 2 million head. Dispersion of this population was increasing than south regions to Afghanistan border and color of protector hair of these goats and cashmere color, changing from bright brown to dark brown. The goats were selected in form of random from the goat growing regions. Samples were taken at goat`s side for measurement hair percentage and fiber`s length and diameter. Results indicated that highest and lowest fibers length were observed in Nehbandan (68.34mm) and Birjand (49.65mm), whereas highest and lowest fiber diameter were found in Sarbisheh (18.81 µ) and Birjand (16.49 µ) and highest and lowest percentage of hair covering were found in Ghayen (56.66%) and Sarbisheh (43.10%), respectively. In this study mean of fiber`s length, fiber`s diameter and hair covering percentage were 52.71mm, 17.10 µ and 54.73%, respectively.