Abstract: Blood-serum proteins of 36 specimens of the genus Spermophilus from Turkey and Iran were analysed electrophoretically. Two species of Spermophilus xanthopyrmnus and Spermophilus fulvus were recorded from Iran. There are 9-11 bands in globulin zone, -2 bands in post albumin zone, bands in prealbumin zone and -3 bands in fast zone in S. xanthopyrmnus and 9-11 bands in globulin zone, -2 bands in post albumin zone, bands in prealbumin zone and -3 bands in fast zone in S. fulvus. Prealbumin of blood-serum proteins distinguished S. xanthopyrmnus from S. fulvus. S. xanthopyrmnus is the first record for rodent fauna of Iran.