Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae has been employed on a large scale in Brazil, Asia and Eastern Europe and is registered in the United Kingdom and United States for the control of various insect pests. In order to evaluate the toxicity/pathogenicity of M. anisopliae strain LMA-06 to Sprague Dawley rats, it was given a single dose of 2.2x108 colony-forming units by oral route and 1.1x108 colony-forming units by pulmonary administration. Clinical examinations of animals were performed daily and body weight was weekly measured. For infectivity evaluation, M. anisopliae was enumerated from organs and corporal fluids of three treated animals per sex, sacrificed 3 days after and at one week intervals after dosing. Clearance was estimated by means of faeces collection (oral assay) and lungs examination (pulmonary assay). Gross necropsy was performed on all animals at interim and final sacrifice. There were no deaths, no significant infection of test animals and no evidence of pathogenicity or treatment-related toxicity. It was concluded that, at the tested doses, Metarhizium anisopliae strain LMA-06 is not pathogenic following oral or pulmonary administration.