Abstract: The present study was conducted to ascertain the impact of erosion and such other factors with particular reference to the river Indus starting from Layyah to Mithan kot. Certain physico-chemical parameters including light penetration (20-205 mm), suspended solids (0.6-3.4 g l–1), alkalinity (90-193 mg l–1), total dissolved solids (150-245 mg l–1), electric conductivity (300-490 mhos), total volatile solids (0.01-0.052 g l–1), dissolved oxygen (7.4-17.4 mg l–1) and pH (7.6-8.52) were taken into account from Layyah, Taunsa Barrage and Mithan kot. Study results revealed that area is subjected to immense erosion pressure exerted by the local hill torrents coupled with influx of upland pollution and Himalayan watershed erosion. It further resulted in enhanced turbidity level that is detrimental to the very survival of endangered Indus Dolphin (Platanista minor), certain local fish fauna, aquatic plants and other biotic life forms of the river ecosystem.