Abstract: To assess the differences in fasting blood glucose, total blood cholesterol and body-weight of Pakistani children having negative or positive family history of diabetes and heart disease, a total of 240, 10-12 years old school going children (109 males and 131 females) were recruited. Percentage-of-median of BMI-for-age (NCHS reference) was calculated. Differences in means of Body Mass Index (percentage of median), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and Total Blood Cholesterol (TBC) of children were compared in relation to family history for diabetes or heart disease. Seventeen percent and 10% of children had positive family history for diabetes and heart disease respectively; out of this 8% had both. Children having positive family history for diabetes had significantly higher FBG, and those having positive family history for heart disease had significantly higher TBC. Overweight children (>85th Percentile of BMI for age) had significantly higher mean value for WHR but not for FBG or TBC. Within the family history groups trend of differences in FBG or TBC of overweight and normal weight children was non-consistent and non-significant. Positive family history appear to influence glucose and lipid profile at ages 10-12 irrespective of weight status and this fact needs to be considered in identification of subjects for educational interventions.