Abstract: Helicoverpa armigera is a key pest of agriculture and horticulture in Pakistan. Costs of management and damage are gigantic in a wide range of food and fiber crops. It has been recorded on more than 100 cultivated and wild host plants. Key factors contributing to the pest status of H. armigera are its polyphagy, mobility, diapause and high fecundity. Control of H. armigera heavily depends on the use of chemical pesticides. However, resistance to all commercially available insecticides has been detected in H. armigera. The increasing emergence of resistance problems means there is an urgent need for the development of management strategies, which are less dependent on chemical insecticides and/or less conducive to the development of resistance to the control measures, used.