Abstract: Eighty-eight samples of black cumin seed were collected from commercial markets in Egypt and tested for seed-borne fungi. Both blotter and deep freezing methods were used in order to detect the maximum number of internal and external seed-borne fungi. A total of 37 species of fungi belonging to 20 genera were identified. The pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. moniliforme and Verticiilium sp. was studied on black cumin seeds and seedlings, using both seed and soil inoculation. A higher percentage of pre- and post-emergence damping off developed from seed inoculation with each of the four fungi than from soil infestation. The transmission of Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, moniliforme and Verticillium sp. from seed to mature plants of black cumin was also studied. All of the four tested fungi were restricted to the roots and lower portions of the stem with the exception of F. moniliforme, which was found in the vascular system of middle stem sections when sampled at 60 and 120 days after planting.