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Journal of Medical Sciences

Year: 2020 | Volume: 20 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 13-17
DOI: 10.3923/jms.2020.13.17
Pattern and Outcome of Drug Induced Dystonia at the Paediatric Emergency Room of a Teaching Hospital in Southwestern Nigeria
A.O. Babatola , A.B. Taiwo, E.O. Ogundare, T.O. Ojo, A.B. Ajite, O.I. Oluwayemi, J.O. Fadare and O.S. Olatunya

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Drug induced dystonia (DID) is a common reason for unnecessary diagnostic evaluations by the emergency physicians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern and outcome of DID at the Paediatric Emergency Room (PER) of Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital (EKSUTH), Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of cases of DID that presented at the PER of EKSUTH between January, 2014 to December, 2017 was conducted. Data about age, sex, drug intake and clinical symptoms were obtained from case files. Quantitative variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation while categorical variables were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: DID were 0.48% (17/3538) of the total admissions. The mean age of occurrence was 5.7±4.2 years (Range: 1-15 years) and 52.9% of them were females. The drugs implicated were amodiaquine in (7) 41.2%, promethazine (6) 35.2%, metoclopramide (2) 11.8% and haloperidol (2) 11.8%. The abnormal body movements involved the head in 12 (70.6%), neck (7) 41.2%, trunk and limbs (3) 17.6% of the cases. All the patients (100%) had complete resolution within 48 h of admission and were discharged. Conclusion: The leading cause of DID was the anti-malarial drug Amodiaquine with the most affected body part being the head region. Clinicians should be familiar with the various ways of presentation DID and have an increased index of suspicion when patients present with movement disorders to prevent misdiagnosis and unwarranted investigations or treatment.

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How to cite this article
A.O. Babatola, A.B. Taiwo, E.O. Ogundare, T.O. Ojo, A.B. Ajite, O.I. Oluwayemi, J.O. Fadare and O.S. Olatunya, 2020. Pattern and Outcome of Drug Induced Dystonia at the Paediatric Emergency Room of a Teaching Hospital in Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Medical Sciences, 20: 13-17.

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