Abstract: Children who are born with Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) have higher rates of seizures, sepsis, respiratory failure and neonatal mortality. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with IUGR. This was a case-control study that carried out in Shariati Hospital of Bandar Abbas. Sixty IUGR and 60 normal birth weight infants were selected in the delivery room. The first normal birth weight baby born, after an IUGR baby, was taken as a control. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, maternal data including past obstetric history, current pregnancy and delivery data, as well as data about the newborns. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 13 software. Risk factors associated with IUGR in this study were maternal work (OR = 10.2, CI 95% = 1.2-87.3), to have hypertension (OR = 7.4, CI 95% = 1.5-36.9), to use hookah during pregnancy (OR = 3.5, CI 95% = 1.1-12.6) and not to use antenatal care (OR = 3.9, CI 95% = 1.2-13.7). Screening women for known risk factors of IUGR, counseling, health education about risks of IUGR and the ways of prevention is necessary to reduce the rate of it.