Abstract: In this research, we evaluated the effect of Slow Release Theophylline (SRT) therapy on lipoprotein a, cholesterol and triglycerides in children with bronchial asthma to asses their risk for atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. The study included 38 asthmatic children (26 males and 12 females) aged 6-13 years (mean±SD was 8.37±2.17) receiving SRT, mean duration of therapy was 10±2.5 mo. (Group I). Another 30 asthmatic children of the same age and sex but not receiving SRT (Group II) were included. Twenty healthy children of the same age and sex, not asthmatics, were recruited in the study as controls (Group III). All children were subjected to history taking, medical examination and assessment of serum level of lipoprotein a (Lp a), total cholesterol (Tc), HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c and triglycerides. Theophylline level was assessed in the Group I. No statistically significant difference was found between asthmatics receiving SRT and controls as regards Lp (a), Tc, HDL-c, LDL-c, HDL-c/LDL-c, VLDL-c or triglycerides. HDL-c and HDL-c/LDL-c was significantly higher in asthmatics receiving SRT than asthmatics that did not (p = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively). No correlation was detected between serum theophyllin level and different lipid parameters apart from triglycerides and VLDL-c levels (was significantly positively correlated (r = 0.57, p = 0.04)). So, we can conclude that slow release theophylline therapy did not appear to alter lipid profile of asthmatic children receiving it and those children are not at increased risk for atherosclerotic coronary heart disease.