Abstract: This study sought to identify clinical parameters that may be risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease in a population of hypertensive patients. This case control study examined non diabetic hypertensive patients with no identifiable cause of the hypertension. Two groups of hypertensive patients that were age and sex matched with similar duration of hypertension were classified into the CKD and control groups on the basis of the findings of markers of kidney damage and/or decreased creatinine clearance. Patients′ hospital records of demographics, clinical and laboratory evaluations were used. Eighty patients with hypertension were studied of whom 40 had CKD and another 40 without CKD constituted the control group. The CKD group differed significantly from the control group with respect to; positive family history (65% versus 22.5%), cigarette smoking (62.5% versus 17.5%), BMI (24 versus 21 kg m-1), hypertensive retinopathy grade III/IV (87.5% versus 17.5%), SBP (179 versus 168 mmHg), DBP (115 versus 101 mmHg) and uric acid (470 versus 200 μmol L-1) Clinical features of positive family history of hypertension, history of cigarette smoking and findings of hypertensive retinopathy and uncontrolled hypertension with laboratory finding of hyperuricaemia are significant risk factors for the development of impaired renal function in Nigerian hypertensive patients.