Abstract: Fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans can be caused by several resistance mechanisms which include active drug efflux pumps encoded by CDR1 and MDR1 genes as well as mutations in the drug target enzyme encoded by ERG11. To investigate whether the germ tube-negative species of Candida tropicalis have the same mechanisms for fluconazole resistance as the germ tube-positive Candida albicans, drug susceptible and resistant Candida tropicalis isolates were grown in different fluconazole concentrations and analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). It was shown that the expression of CtCDR1 and CtMDR1 in drug resistant Candida tropicalis were upregulated at 2.5 fold for both genes compared to drug susceptible Candida tropicalis in fluconazole-containing medium. However, no difference of expression level was observed in ERG11 transcript throughout the induction period with fluconazole. These results demonstrate that efflux pumps play an important role in Candida tropicalis resistance towards azole drugs. Interestingly, sequence analysis revealed that several nucleotide substitution mutations were present among the resistant isolates compared to a susceptible ATCC type strain, namely T84P in CtCDR1 gene and F119Y in CtMDR1 gene. However, no point mutations were observed in the ERG11 gene for all the resistant isolates analyzed.