Abstract: Cytogenetic characterization plays an important role in cataloguing and conservation of germplasm. Osteobrama belangeri is one of the important fish species in North East India and need urgent attention for conservation. Hence cytogenetic characterization was carried out for Osteobrama belangeri. Samples of the specimen were collected from Manipur, India and maintained in wet laboratory in live condition. Metaphase chromosome preparation was made using standard hypotonic solution, methanol acetic-acid fixation followed by Giemsa staining for karyotyping of the species. The diploid chromosome number was found to be 50 and the karyotype is composed of 14m+8sm+28 (st and t) with fundamental arm No. (FN) 72. Positive chromosome bands like C, G and NOR bands were developed on the metaphase chromosome spread. NOR bands were found on the constriction regions near centromeric, as well as, slightly away from terminal regions. While, G bands was at A, T-rich regions appearing to be away from centromere towards the end of the chromosome bodies. C bands were localized on the regions adjacent or immediate to the centromeres and on the constrictions as indicating the concurrency with constitutive hetrochromatin. The result showed the diploid chromosome number as 50 which is mostly seen in other cyprindis and the study could localize C, G and NOR bands for the first time on this species.