Abstract: Background and Objective: River bottom sediment quality is a good indicator for river health, directly impact water chemistry and aquatic life. The aim of the current work was the assessment of the River Nile sediment quality between Qena and Sohag cities, Egypt. Materials and Methods: The pH, particle size distributions (PSDs), organic matter (%) (OM %) as well as As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb (μg g–1) concentrations were determined according to standard methods in the collected 28 samples. Index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) and sediment quality index (SQI) were applied to evaluate the sediment quality degree. Results: The pH of sediments are alkaline (pH≈7.5) and sandy (sand≈79.3%) with low OM (≈4.48%). Most of the studied sediment samples contain alert concentrations of As (62.6 μg g–1), Cd (4.17 μg g–1) and Cr (98.2 μg g–1) that can cause adverse biological impacts. However, the sediments are biologically safe with respect to their contents of Pb (16.43 μg g–1 ) and to great extent with Cu (77.22 μg g–1). Conclusion: The pH of the sediments was slightly alkaline. The Igeo indicated the severe pollution of sediment with Cd followed by As, Cu and Cr.