Abstract: Background and Objective: Gold mining activities which use mercury have negative impacts on the diversity of soil arthropods. The present study aimed to analyze the diversity of soil arthropods in Poboya gold mining. Methodology: This study was an explorative descriptive analytical study. The research location was divided into 6 sampling points from the center of the gold mining area. One kilogram of soil was collected from every sampling point to analyze mercury, C-organic and nitrogen fiber contents of vegetation types. The sampling of soil arthropods used pitfall trap and core sampler. The analysis of difference of diversity, evenness, dominance and richness of arthropod species in every location used one-way ANOVA with level of significance p<0.05. Results: There were two classes of soil arthropods found, i.e., insecta and arachnida classes. Class insecta was the most dominant with 21,835 individuals from the total of 23,111 individuals. There was a negative correlation between the diversity of soil arthropods and mercury content of the soil. The higher the mercury contents in the soil, the lower the diversity of soil arthropods. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that mercury content and vegetation types affected the diversity of arthropods in the mining areas (Km0, Km1, Km2) and nitrogen and C organic contents affected the diversity of arthropods in Km3, Km4 and Km5. Conclusion: Mercury contamination in the soil reduced the diversity of insect and arachnida classes arthropods in the gold mining area.