Abstract: Phlebotomine sand flies are important in public health due to their ability to transmit certain pathogens, especially leishmaniasis. The male sand flies having a very unique and species-specific characters in their external genitalia. They have also almost identical morphological characters in the closely related species. Variability occurs in the females of phlebotomine sand flies which possesses highly fragile spermathecae with several important taxonomic characters which can be utilized for species identification. Due to their soft and contractile nature, there is a high probability that the morphology of the structure may change. Sand fly adults of both sexes can be collected by several methods, either while resting during the day or foraging at night. Sampling from resting sites, like walls of houses, animal dwellings, caves and tree holes, can be done by several forms of mouth aspirator; similarly, active catches with an aspirator can be done from bait animals or on human bait. They were mounted in the NC medium and identified using identification key. The results from the present work are expected to strengthen the foundation that the female external genital structure might be helpful in separating the females of very closely related species. Some more studies are necessary on Old World sand flies and New World sand flies for a better understanding of the validity of the structures as a possible identifying character in female external genitalia.