Abstract: The aim of this study was to study the genitalia of phlebotomidae sand flies for search of new species in various parts of India. The pattern of genitalia variation in phlebotominae sand flies also indicated that differences in the lengths of the spermathecal ducts and aedeagal filaments are distributed unevenly among closely related species. Mouth aspirators and small hand nets were used to capture phlebotominae sand flies form different localities. The results show that unlike most Diptera, including the other members of the family Psychodidae, the organs of sperm transfer in phlebotomines present a bipartite condition. The external genitalia of the male, consists of paired structures that grip the female during copulation and the internal genitalia of the female, consists of a common duct branching to paired individual ducts terminating in spermathecae. This study suggests that these characters can be used for identification of specimens where the spermathecae (an established tool for species identification in phlebotomines) have been lost or where cryptic species are concerned.