Abstract: Scanty information is available about the Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) fauna of Saudi Arabia. This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of Culicoides species in the kingdom. In this study, which was conducted during the period March 2004 to February 2006, light traps collected 43505 specimens of Culicoides biting midges. Eight species of Culicoides were identified: Culicoides bahrainensis Boorman, C. imicola Kieffer, C. kingi Austen, C. navaiae Lane, C. newsteadi Austen, C. oxystoma Kieffer, C. punctatus Meigen and C. sahariensis Kieffer. Among these species, C. bahrainensis was reported for the first time in Saudi Arabia. A recent and up to date distribution map of Culicoides in Saudi Arabia is provided and the medicinal importance of some of these species was discussed.