Abstract: In order to study the psammophilic scorpions of sandy habitats of two provinces in western and south western Iran, some samplings were carried out by night catch (UV light) method during October 2007-March 2009. In total, 187 scorpions were collected. Vachoniolus iranus is a new species of Vachoniolus, that described from Khoozestan and Ilam provinces in South-western and Western of Iran. This is first record of genus Vachoniolus from Iran.