Abstract: In vitro microrhizome was successfully produced in Curcuma zedoaria-a valuable but critically threatened medicinal plant. Ten to twelve weeks old in vitro multiplied shoots were cultured in MS medium supplemented with different level of BAP and NAA. Effect of different carbon sources has also been evaluated. Microrhizome formation started within 7-9 weeks of culture. The best result was obtained in 4.0 mg L-1 BAP along with 6% sucrose in terms of frequency and number of rhizome. Around 4 microrhizomes with an average weight of 2.5 g were harvested after 11-12 weeks. Microrhizomes were readily germinated in the growth regulator free MS medium. With the best of our knowledge this is the first report on in vitro microrhizome production in Curcuma zedoaria.