Abstract: Sixty six accessions representing eighteen species of the genus Lathyrus collected from different geographic regions were evaluated for variations of quality traits (protein, ashes, 100 seeds weight and ODAP). High variability of ODAP levels were exhibited at both inter-specific and intra-specific levels, which was attributed to genetic and environmental factors. No significant correlation was found between ODAP and each of total protein content, ash content and 100 seeds weight. Cluster analysis of CV values for each accession identified the sixty six accessions into eight groups. The most promising accession for breeding programs was L. sativus from Tunisia, having good grain quality due to relatively low ODAP level and high protein content. The variation of protein content, ash content and 100 seeds weight was also discussed.