Abstract: Aphid and their predators of cultivated and noncultivated areas of Malatya Province, in east Anatolia, Turkey, were surveyed between 2000 and 2002. In this study, the 34 aphid species identified were found. Among these, Aphis craccivora Koch, Hyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) Myzus cerasi (Fabricius) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were the most common species. A total of 29 species were detected as natural enemies of aphids. One species Neuroptera, one species Dermaptera, two species Hemiptera, sixteen species from Coleoptera, nine from Diptera were found as predators. Among the species Chrysoperla carnea Stephan (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Forficula auricularia L. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Episyrphus baltaetus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae) were the most common species.