Abstract: In order to effectively solve the problems of robot navigation, positioning and accumulative error correction, this study presents a kind of improved robot localization and navigation algorithm. Robot navigation is an important research field of robotics, it is the key of mobile robot to completely realize the independence of technology and accurate localization is the important problem which must be solved at first to complete navigation tasks. The experimental results show that the error of the improved method is smaller; therefore the formulation of robotic strategy route is more convenient and reliable.