Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the spatial variability of some groundwater quality factors and to determine their relationship with pistachio yield in pistachio growing areas of Anar, Iran. One hundred and fifty seven water samples from the wells of the studied area were determined for electrical conductivity (EC), Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42–, HCO3–, Cl–, total hardness and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). Groundwater levels of the wells were also recorded. Results showed high positive correlation among EC, Na+, Cl–, Mg2+, Ca2+, and total hardness and high negative correlation between water-table level and other variables. Most of the area had EC > 8 dS m-1 and SAR ≥13 (meq L-1)0.5. Kriging maps of the variables except water-table level are highly corresponded. Water-table level had a reverse pattern in comparison with other factors. The lowest quality of groundwater was found in the eastern, southern and the northern parts of the area where its negative effects on pistachio yield have been reported. Modern irrigation techniques and saving high quality waters in order to mix them with poor quality waters in the area is necessary for sustainable pistachio production and also preventing the reduction of water-table level in the area.