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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2007 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 8 | Page No.: 1116-1123
DOI: 10.3923/jas.2007.1116.1123
Appropriate Sanitation Systems for Low-Income Coastal and Water Front Communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
D.N. Ogbonna and D.Y. Idam

Abstract: A study was carried out in Tunu community of Bayelsa State to determine the extent of Sanitation in the area affected by industrial effluents discharge from oil operations. Presumptive faecal coliform test and physico-chemical analysis of water samples from the river were analysed using standard methods. The water samples were analysed for temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total dissolved solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, chloride content as well as turbidity, conductivity and alkalinity. The results obtained for faecal colforms indicate that the counts were between 4.0±0.11x104-1.6 ±0.01x106 cfu mL-1. Temperature was as low as 28°C while pH showed 6.9, which was nearly neutral. The levels of other physico-chemical parameters were significantly (p< 0.05) high in varying amounts. The results show that the sulphate content was 275.0±0.36 to 485.0±0.59 mg L-1 while Nitrate was 1.28±0.02 to 4.8±0.06 mg L-1 for dry and wet seasons, respectively. Phosphorus had 2.13±1.2 to 5.6±1.5 mg L-1 while total Nitrogen had 48.0±1.0 to 36.0±1.4 mg L-1. Chloride content showed 860.0±0.92 mg L-1 and Total dissolved solids 3256.0±1.25 mg L-1 for wet seasons respectively but recorded low values in the dry seasons. In this study, dissolved oxygen content was low while the biochemical oxygen demand was very high. The results suggest that the water body was polluted due to the effluent discharges into the river and therefore may not good for human consumption due to the presence of these contaminants.

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How to cite this article
D.N. Ogbonna and D.Y. Idam, 2007. Appropriate Sanitation Systems for Low-Income Coastal and Water Front Communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences, 7: 1116-1123.

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