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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2006 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 6 | Page No.: 1373-1379
DOI: 10.3923/jas.2006.1373.1379
Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa Lam.), Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.) Seeds
Ebubekir Altuntas and Yasar Karadag

Abstract: Some physical properties of some forage plants namely sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa Lam.), grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.) seeds were determined at moisture content of 9.55, 5.40 and 10.00% d.b. (dry basis), respectively. The mean values of length, width, thickness and geometric mean diameter were 5.86, 4.27, .84, 4.07 mm for sainfoin seed; 5.29, 4.83, 4.29, 5.28 mm for grasspea seed and 4.12, .78, .80, .89 mm for bitter vetch seed respectively. The mean 1000 seed mass, sphericity, angle of repose, bulk and true density, single seed volume, surface area, porosity values were obtained as 23.92 g, 69.77%, 3.50°, 40.86 kg m-3, 674.53 kg m-3, 0.036 cm3, 0.54 cm2 and 48.91% for sainfoin seed; 88.50 g, 88.67%, 5.61°, 736.58 kg m-3, 273.31 kg m-3, 0.069 cm3, .37 cm2 and 42.03% for grasspea seed and 45.39 g, 94.54%, 0.85°, 800.02 kg m-3, 543, 2 kg m-3, 0.030 cm3, 0.48 cm2 and 47.45% for bitter vetch seed respectively. The mean values of coefficient of dynamic friction against galvanized steel, chipboard, mild steel, plywood and rubber surfaces were 0.24, 0.28, 0.30, 0.34 and 0.61 for sainfoin seed 0.18, 0.18, 0.15, 0.18 and 0.48 for grasspea seed and 0.26, 0.25, 0.28, 0.35 and 0.48 for bitter vetch seed, respectively; while the values of coefficient of static friction were 0.35, 0.39, 0.40, 0.40 and 0.70 for sainfoin seed; 0.31, 0.23, 0.27, 0.24 and 0.64 for grasspea seed and 0.32, 0.34, 0.35, 0.43 and 0.63, respectively for bitter vetch seed. The rubber surface offered the maximum static and dynamic friction followed by plywood, mild metal, chipboard and galvanized steel. The mechanic properties of sainfoin, grasspea, bitter vetch seeds were determined in terms of average rupture force, specific deformation and rupture energy along X-, Y- and Z- axes. The mean values of rupture force, specific deformation and rupture energy for sainfoin seed were 7.40, 9.72 and 4.56 N; 8.94, 1.71 and 9.97% and 1.97, .46 and 0.71 N mm for along X, Y and Z axis, respectively. The mean values of rupture force, specific deformation and rupture energy for grasspea seed were 254.40, 42.60 and 100.80 N; 27.53, .29 and 14.03% and 187.20, 29.25 and 38.77 N mm for along X, Y and Z axis, respectively. The mean values of rupture force, specific deformation and rupture energy for bitter vetch seed were 57.60, 45.00, 87.00 N; 7.60, 1.62, 1.93%; 10.14, 4.42, .86 N mm for along X, Y and Z axis, respectively.

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How to cite this article
Ebubekir Altuntas and Yasar Karadag, 2006. Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa Lam.), Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.) Seeds. Journal of Applied Sciences, 6: 1373-1379.

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